Assessing microbial decontamination of indoor air with particular focus on human pathogenic viruses

Duchaine, Caroline

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.06.009

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…More work on the comparative survival of pathogens in extramural aerosols is needed. However, such studies are challenging to conduct because the methods for capturing aerosolized enteric pathogens at low densitiesrequiring high flow ratesare not ideal for preserving viability. − …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Quantification of Enteric Pathogens in Aerosols Near Open Wastewater Canals in Cities with Poor Sanitation

Ginn

Rocha-Melogno

Bivins

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Urban sanitation infrastructure is inadequate in many low-income countries, leading to the presence of highly concentrated, uncontained fecal waste streams in densely populated areas. Combined with mechanisms of aerosolization, airborne transport of enteric microbes and their genetic material is possible in such settings but remains poorly characterized. We detected and quantified enteric pathogen-associated gene targets in aerosol samples near open wastewater canals (OWCs) or impacted (receiving sewage or wastewater) surface waters and control sites in La Paz, Bolivia; Kanpur, India; and Atlanta, USA, via multiplex reverse-transcription qPCR (37 targets) and ddPCR (13 targets). We detected a wide range of enteric targets, some not previously reported in extramural urban aerosols, with more frequent detections of all enteric targets at higher densities in La Paz and Kanpur near OWCs. We report density estimates ranging up to 4.7 × 102 gc per mair 3 across all targets including heat-stable enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, enteroinvasive E. coli/Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., norovirus, and Cryptosporidium spp. Estimated 25, 76, and 0% of samples containing positive pathogen detects were accompanied by culturable E. coli in La Paz, Kanpur, and Atlanta, respectively, suggesting potential for viability of enteric microbes at the point of sampling. Airborne transmission of enteric pathogens merits further investigation in cities with poor sanitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Quantification of Enteric Pathogens in Aerosols Near Open Wastewater Canals in Cities with Poor Sanitation

Ginn

Rocha-Melogno

Bivins

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The protocol described is flexible enough for work with other phages and their respective bacterial hosts. In addition to use of phages described here as surrogates for enveloped and non-enveloped vertebrate viruses for asessment of air decotamination technologies (Dubuis et al, 2020;Duchaine, 2016;Turgeon et al, 2016;Whitworth, 2020), specific phage-bacterial host combination may also be used to monitor air contamination in biotechnology, brewing and dairy operations (Samson & Moineau, 2013) F I G U R E 3 Activity of two different indoor air decontamination devices against phage MS2. The indoor air decontamination devices were tested separately in the aerobiology chamber and operated at their high-speed setting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and quantitative capture of viable bacteriophages from experimentally contaminated indoor air: A model for the study of airborne vertebrate viruses including SARS‐CoV‐2

Zargar¹,

Sattar

Kibbee

et al. 2021

J of Applied Microbiology

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The air indoors has profound health implications as it can expose us to pathogens, allergens and particulates either directly or via contaminated surfaces. There is, therefore, an upsurge in marketing of air decontamination technologies, but with no proper validation of their claims. We addressed the gap through the construction and use of a versatile room-sized (25 m 3 ) chamber to study airborne pathogen survival and inactivation.Methods and Results: Here, we report on the quantitative recovery and detection of an enveloped (Phi6) and a non-enveloped bacteriophage (MS2). The two phages, respectively, acted as surrogates for airborne human pathogenic enveloped (e.g., influenza, Ebola and coronavirus SARS-CoV-2) and non-enveloped (e.g., norovirus) viruses from indoor air deposited directly on the lawns of their respective host bacteria using a programmable slit-to-agar air sampler. Using this technique, two different devices based on HEPA filtration and UV light were tested for their ability to decontaminate indoor air. This safe, relatively simple and inexpensive procedure augments the use of phages as surrogates for the study of airborne human and animal pathogenic viruses.Conclusions: This simple, safe and relatively inexpensive method of direct recovery and quantitative detection of viable airborne phage particles can greatly enhance their applicattion as surrogates for the study of vertebrate virus survival in indoor air and assessment of technologies for their decontamination. Significance and Impact of the Study:The safe, economical and simple technique reported here can be applied widely to investigate the role of indoor air for virus survival and transmission and also to assess the potential of air decontaminating technologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More work on the comparative survival of pathogens in extramural aerosols is needed. However, such studies are challenging to conduct, because the methods for capturing aerosolized enteric pathogens at low densities -requiring high flow-rates -are not ideal for preserving viability[140][141][142] .Size-resolved densities of culturable E. coli indicate the presence of enteric bacteria in aerosols ranging from 0.6 μm to 7 μm. Culturable E. coli that were captured under 2.1 μm 112 indicate possible suspension of bioaerosols over a period of hours, with a settling velocity in still air of 0.5 m/hour for a typical particle with a 2 μm diameter143 , indicating high transport potential in air near OWCs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and quantification of enteric pathogens in aerosols near open wastewater canals in cities with poor sanitation

Ginn

Rocha-Melogno

Bivins

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Urban sanitation infrastructure is inadequate in many low-income countries, leading to the presence of highly concentrated, uncontained fecal waste streams in densely populated areas. Combined with mechanisms of aerosolization, airborne transport of enteric microbes and their genetic material is possible in such settings but remains poorly characterized. We detected and quantified enteric pathogen-associated gene targets in aerosol samples near open wastewater canals (OWCs) or impacted surface waters and control sites in La Paz, Bolivia; Kanpur, India; and Atlanta, USA via multiplex qPCR (37 targets) and ddPCR (13 targets). We detected a wide range enteric pathogen-specific targets, some not previously reported in extramural urban aerosols, with more frequent detections of all enteric targets at higher densities in La Paz and Kanpur near OWCs. We report density estimates ranging from non-detects to 4.7 x 102 gc per m3air for targets including ST-ETEC, C. jejuni, EIEC/Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., norovirus, and Cryptosporidium spp. An estimated 25%, 76%, and 0% of samples containing positive pathogen detects were accompanied by culturable E. coli in La Paz, Kanpur, and Atlanta, respectively, suggesting potential for viability of enteric microbes at the point of sampling. Airborne transmission of enteric pathogens merits further investigation in cities with poor sanitation.

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Assessing microbial decontamination of indoor air with particular focus on human pathogenic viruses

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

Detection and Quantification of Enteric Pathogens in Aerosols Near Open Wastewater Canals in Cities with Poor Sanitation

Detection and Quantification of Enteric Pathogens in Aerosols Near Open Wastewater Canals in Cities with Poor Sanitation

Direct and quantitative capture of viable bacteriophages from experimentally contaminated indoor air: A model for the study of airborne vertebrate viruses including SARS‐CoV‐2

Detection and quantification of enteric pathogens in aerosols near open wastewater canals in cities with poor sanitation

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