Assessing inter-laboratory comparability and limits of determination for the analysis of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes in whole Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

McGoldrick, Daryl J.; Durham, Jeremy; Leknes, Henriette; Kierkegaard, Amelie; Gerhards, R.; Powell, David E.; McLachlan, Michael S.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.07.018

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…susceptibility to losses). [13][14] In this study field blank samples were extensively used to evaluate the potential overestimation of results. In addition several method evaluation tests were carried out to assess possible loss of analytes throughout the procedure, in particular during sampling, storage and extraction.…”

Section: Methods Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar seasonal trends can be expected for the other cVMS congeners, with more pronounced seasonality for the congeners with the highest rate constants for reaction with atmospheric hydroxyl radicals. 9,12 Due to a large potential for contamination during trace analysis of cVMS [13][14] as well as their high volatility, analysis of environmental trace levels of cVMS in air is challenging and measurements from remote locations are scarce. A new solid phase extraction active air sampling method (SPE-AAS) for D5 uses ENV+ resin (hydroxylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer) as the sorbent.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NILU has previous experience with cVMS analysis, 17 and has also participated in an interlaboratory comparison of cVMS analysis in rainbow trout. 14 The involved personnel refrained from using any personal care products, and samples were always handled with nitrile gloves. All glassware was burned at 450 °C for eight hours, and all plastic equipment was sonicated in n-hexane prior to use.…”

Section: Quality Control Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Good comparability in the interlaboratory study for cVMS in fish, where both single-and multipoint calibrations curves were used, supports the reliability of using a single-point calibration curve. 14 The calibration solution contained nonlabeled D3, D4, D5, and D6 in addition to the internal and recovery standards. Further details are provided in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Instrumental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and Seasonality of Cyclic Volatile Methyl Siloxanes in Arctic Air

Krogseth

Kierkegaard

McLachlan

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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116

132

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Cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) are present in technical applications and personal care products.They are predicted to undergo long-range atmospheric transport, but measurements of cVMS in remote areas remain scarce. An active air sampling method for decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) was further evaluated to include hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6). Air samples were collected at the Zeppelin observatory in the remote Arctic (79°N, 12°E) with an average sampling time of 81 ± 23 hours in late summer (AugustOctober) and 25 ± 10 hours in early winter (November -December) 2011. The average concentrations of D5 and D6 in late summer were 0.73 ± 0.31 ng/m 3 and 0.23 ± 0.17 ng/m 3 respectively, and 2.94 ± 0.46 ng/m 3 and 0.45 ± 0.18 ng/m 3 in early winter respectively. Detection of D5 and D6 in the Arctic atmosphere 2 confirms their long range atmospheric transport. The D5 measurements agreed well with predictions from an Eulerian atmospheric chemistry-transport model, and seasonal variability was explained by the seasonality in the OH radical concentrations. These results extend our understanding of the atmospheric fate of D5 to high latitudes, but question the levels of D3 and D4 that have previously been measured at Zeppelin with passive air samplers. IntroductionCyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) are high-volume production chemicals used in the production of silicone polymers, in personal care products, and in a range of technical applications. cVMS have been found in both the physical environment and in biota, and have lately become subject to increasing scientific scrutiny by environmental scientists and regulators. 1-3The three congeners, and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) have specifically been the focus of the attention.e.g.1-3Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) is an additional member of the group of cVMS. The physical-chemical properties of cVMS differ from many known organic pollutants, as they combine high volatility with extreme hydrophobicity and a considerable affinity for organic phases like octanol (Table S1). 4Volatilization to the atmosphere is the main emission pathway of cVMS to the environment. 1-3 Hence the atmosphere is a key compartment for understanding the environmental fate and behavior of cVMS. Once in the atmosphere, cVMS are predicted to be mainly present in the gas phase, and degradation by reaction with hydroxyl radicals is understood to be the main removal mechanism. 5 The atmospheric half-lives due to reaction with hydroxyl radicals are 20.0 days for D3, 10.3 days for D4, 6.7 days for D5, and 5.8 days for D6 (Table S1). The estimated levels of D5 from these models correspond well with observed atmospheric concentrations in the environment. 9, 11 The predicted seasonality of D5 was a consequence of the strong seasonality of the hydroxyl radical concentrations at high latitudes. During the polar night low levels of hydroxyl radicals slow down the atmospheric degradation of D5 and allow it to ...

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Section: Methods Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Control Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and Seasonality of Cyclic Volatile Methyl Siloxanes in Arctic Air

Krogseth

Kierkegaard

McLachlan

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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116

132

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“…In the U.S., PDMS production is approximately 99,000 tons per year [159]. In Canada, [26,[173][174][175][176], water [177], indoor dust [178], personal care products [25,179], tissues of women with breast implants [180,181], fish and biota [174,182,183] and landfill gas [184].…”

Section: Research Objectives and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of mass spectrometric methods for the determination of emerging pollutants in wastewater

Bletsou¹,

Μπλέτσου²

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The presence of emerging pollutants in environmental samples is unquestionable,since urban, industrial and agricultural activities release in the aquatic environmentgreat amounts of diverse organic micropollutants over the last decade. Environmentalmonitoring is an urgent nowadays, as a part of a holistic environmental riskassessment. The main objective of this thesis was the development of highlysensitive methods for the determination of multi-class emerging pollutants with theuse of different mass spectrometric techniques.First, an introduction on the emerging pollutants is presented, since they encompassa diverse group of compounds, highlighting their wide-scope properties. Specificworkflows and techniques for their determination are then presented, focusing intarget and suspect screening by mass spectrometric techniques and especially in thedevelopment of high-resolution mass analyzers. The experimental section of thethesis consists of three parts: (i) Determination of Linear and Cyclic Siloxanes by gaschromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry in environmental samples andevaluation of Mass Loadings and Fate in a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Greece(Chapter 3), (ii) Wide-scope quantitative target screening of 2327 emergingcontaminants in wastewater samples with Ultra-Performance Liquid ChromatographyQuadrupole-Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-ToF-HRMS/MS) (Chapter4) and (iii) Suspect screening workflow for the characterization of emerging polarorganic contaminants in wastewater samples with Ultra-Performance LiquidChromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS) (Chapter5).It is our strong belief that these studies will constitute a step forward in environmental analysis of emerging pollutants

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