Assessing intensity-duration-frequency equations and spatialization techniques across the Grande River Basin in the state of Bahia, Brazil

Abstract

Understanding the probabilistic behavior of extreme rainfall on a fine temporal and spatial scales is crucial for design and risk assessment of hydraulic structures. However, information at appropriate resolutions is frequently limited or unavailable at the locations of interest, thereby requiring the estimation of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves at the regional scale. In this paper, we resort to simplified approaches for rainfall disaggregation and spatialization for deriving a regional IDF equation for the Grande River catchment, in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Our results suggest that, at the daily time scale, the maximum rainfall amounts can be reasonably described by the light-tailed Gumbel distribution in the study region. The spatialization procedures indicated that, whereas both the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and the ordinary kriging techniques could capture the spatial variability of rainfall quantiles, for several durations of practical interest, only the former was able to model the spatial variability of the IDF parameters. Finally, despite the simplifying assumptions, we were able to derive smooth spatial surfaces for the aforementioned quantities, which might be useful for the design of hydraulic structures at ungauged sites.