Assessing Implicit Evaluative Attitudes Toward Violence in Male Students, Male Community Members, and Men Convicted of Violent Offences

Maimone, Sacha

doi:10.22215/etd/2021-14609

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(320 reference statements)

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“…For the response latency measures, participants who took less than 300 ms on 10% or more of the trials on a given measure were excluded from analyses involving that measure 2 . Additionally, any trials on the VE‐RRT for which participants took less than 800 ms to correctly respond were excluded due to the expected longer time required to read the statements included in this measure (see Maimone et al, 2024). Finally, any multivariate outliers were excluded pairwise to retain power for statistical analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IAT and RRT effect indices were created by taking the difference between the average response latencies for one critical phase (e.g., categories of VIOLENCE or negative/PEACE or positive ) and that for the other critical phase (e.g., categories of VIOLENCE or positive/PEACE or negative ) according to the D algorithm outlined by Greenwald et al (2003), as well as recommendations made by Nosek and Smyth (2007; also see Maimone et al, 2024 for important considerations for IAT procedures). Higher scores indicated more positive implicit attitudes toward violence (e.g., that violence and positive are more strongly associated than violence and negative ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that implicit procedures inherently introduce more error variance into the design than traditional self-report techniques, these variations between studies likely decrease the construct validity of the assessments used to date. This coupled with inconsistencies in samples and violent outcomes used across studies makes it difficult to draw clear conclusions from these studies (see Maimone et al, 2023 for more details).…”

Section: Limitations To Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using reaction time procedures to assess implicit attitudes toward violence in a nonconvicted male sample

Maimone,

Seto,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

Aggressive Behavior

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In this study, we sought to capture implicit attitudes toward violence by administering response latency measures. We then examined their associations with explicit (e.g., assessed with self‐report) attitudes toward violence and self‐reported violent behavior in a combined sample of males from a Canadian university and males from the general community (N = 251; 156 students and 95 community members). To date, there have been mixed findings regarding these associations; some of this inconsistency may be due to the difficulty in accurately conceptualizing and assessing implicit attitudes toward violence. Therefore, we administered three response latency measures to assess this construct: a violence evaluation implicit association test (VE‐IAT), a personalized VE‐IAT (P‐VE‐IAT), and a violence evaluation relational responding task, along with three self‐report measures of explicit attitudes toward violence and three self‐report measures of violent behavior. More positive implicit attitudes toward violence were related to more positive explicit attitudes toward violence (for VE‐IAT and P‐VE‐IAT; r = 0.18 to 0.22), greater likelihood of violence (for VE‐IAT; r = 0.18 and for P‐VE‐IAT; r = 0.16), and greater propensity for violence (for the VE‐IAT; r = 0.16). All measures of explicit attitudes toward violence and violent behavior were moderately to strongly associated with one another (r = 0.42 to 0.81). Furthermore, implicit attitudes toward violence explained additional variance in some violent outcomes above explicit attitudes alone. Our findings suggest that scores on certain reaction time measures are important for understanding likelihood and propensity for violence, especially when combined with explicit attitude measures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations To Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using reaction time procedures to assess implicit attitudes toward violence in a nonconvicted male sample

Maimone,

Seto,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

Aggressive Behavior

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“…Implicit attitudes are important in understanding and predicting violent behaviour (e.g., Eckhardt & Crane, 2014;Eckhardt et al, 2012;Hermann & Nunes, 2018;Maimone, 2021), and have been shown to explain and predict violent behaviour differently than explicit attitudes (e.g., Eckhardt & Crane, 2014;Eckhardt et al, 2012;Maimone, 2014Maimone, , 2021. Future research should seek to examine the temporal stability of implicit attitudes toward violence, specifically, and should explore the best approaches to changing them.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Temporal Stability of Evaluative Attitudes Toward Violence

Fraser¹

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Evaluative attitudes toward violence are related to violent behaviour and are important predictors of violence. The temporal stability of evaluative attitudes toward violence has not yet been examined. Attitudes have been shown to have a high degree of stability, but with the potential to change through manipulation or intervention. I assessed for the degree of stability of evaluative attitudes toward violence using the Evaluation of Violence Questionnaire (EVQ) across four days, four weeks, and three months. I found participants' EVQ scores to be highly stable across all assessments; however, the results from the weekly and monthly assessments lacked power due to small sample sizes. The results from this study do, however, give preliminary evidence that evaluative attitudes toward violence are highly stable in the short-term, and potentially also in the long-term. Future research is needed to better understand the degree of stability of evaluative attitudes toward violence in the long-term.

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Assessing Implicit Evaluative Attitudes Toward Violence in Male Students, Male Community Members, and Men Convicted of Violent Offences

Cited by 2 publications

References 105 publications

Using reaction time procedures to assess implicit attitudes toward violence in a nonconvicted male sample

Using reaction time procedures to assess implicit attitudes toward violence in a nonconvicted male sample

Examining the Temporal Stability of Evaluative Attitudes Toward Violence

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