Assessing impacts of sea level rise on river salinity in the Gorai river network, Bangladesh

Bhuiyan, Md. Jabed Abdul Naser; Dutta, Dushmanta

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.11.005

Cited by 153 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These inundations have resulted in widespread salinity problems in the area, including high soil salinities, which have led to a reduction in agricultural yield (Dasgupta et al 2015). Future rising sea levels coupled with embanked landscape and reduced up-stream flow (Mirza 1998) will most likely increase the area of inundation from similar surges (Bhuiyan and Dutta 2012;Dasgupta et al 2009;Karim and Mimura 2008;Singh 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of surface geology and micro-scale land use on the shallow subsurface salinity in deltaic coastal areas: a case from southwest Bangladesh

et al. 2018

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Salinity, both in soil and water, is a ubiquitous problem in coastal Bangladesh, particularly in the southwest. Salinity varies at the local scale (5-10 m), but the relative roles of land use and surface geology on salinity variation in near-surface (< 5 m) groundwater are not fully understood. Surface geology, land use and salinity in near-surface (ca. 3 m) groundwater at two small sites (each 0.05 km 2 ) were explored in the southwest coastal region of Bangladesh. The sediments in the near-surface at both sites are fine and hydrometer analyses of cored samples indicate the dominance of silty clay (70%) along with very fine sand (5%), sandy clay (15%) and clay (10%) materials. Salinity variation in near-surface groundwater tends to follow land use rather than surface geology at the scale of our investigations. The study provides evidence of the influence of land use on the near-surface salinity variation and indicates the importance of land-use planning in salinity management in coastal areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of surface geology and micro-scale land use on the shallow subsurface salinity in deltaic coastal areas: a case from southwest Bangladesh

et al. 2018

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“…All in all, results from this study show a strong dependency of salinization on upstream inflow and the changing tidal dynamics under sea level rise. Such a mechanism is also commonly reported in large river deltas of the world, including the Bangladesh Delta [55,56], and the Dutch Delta [57]. …”

Section: Changes In Salinity Intrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating Future Flows and Salinity Intrusion Using Combined One- and Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Modelling—The Case of Hau River, Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Anh

Hoang

Bui

et al. 2018

Water

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Salinity intrusion in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) has been exacerbated significantly in recent years by the changing upstream inflows, sea level rise resulting from climate change, and socioeconomic development activities. Despite significant damage to agricultural production and freshwater supplies, quantitative assessments of future flows and salinization remain limited due to lack of observation data and modelling tools to represent a highly complex hydraulic network. In this study, we combine 1D-MIKE 11 and 2D-MIKE 21 hydrodynamic models to simulate future flows, water level and salinity intrusion in the Hau River-one main river branch in the Mekong Delta. Future hydrological changes are simulated under multiple scenarios of upstream inflow changes, climate change and sea level rise for the 2036-2065 period. We first use the 1D-MIKE 11 to simulate the flow regime throughout the whole VMD using upstream discharges, outlet water levels and rainfall data as boundary conditions. Output from this step is then used to force the 2D-MIKE 21 model to estimate flow velocity, water level and salinity concentration in the Hau River, focusing on the salinization-prone section between Can Tho, Dinh An, and Tran De estuaries. Simulation results show that salinization will increase substantially, characterized by (1) higher salinity intrusion length under spring tide from 6.78% to 7.97%, and 8.62% to 10.89% under neap tide; and (2) progression of the salinity isohalines towards the upper Mekong Delta, from 3.29 km to 3.92 km for 1 practical salinity unit (PSU) under spring tide, and 4.36 km to 4.65 km for 1 PSU concentration under neap tide. Additionally, we found that salinity intrusion will make it more difficult to re-establish the freshwater condition in the estuary in the future. In particular, the flushing time required to replace saltwater with freshwater at the estuaries tends to increase to between 7.27 h for maximum discharge of 4500 m 3 /s and 58.95 h for discharge of 400 m 3 /s under the most extreme scenario. Increasing salinization along the Hau River will have important consequences for crop production, freshwater supplies and freshwater ecosystems, therefore requiring timely adaptation responses.

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“…Detailed assessments of salinization have employed two principal methods. One approach focuses on simulation of salinity changes in rivers and estuaries, using hydraulic engineering models whose results are compared with actual measures (Bhuiyan and Dutta 2011;Aerts et al 2000;Nobi and Das Gupta 1997). Another approach focuses on salinity changes in local soil and groundwater, using surveys and descriptive statistics (Mahmood et al 2010;Khan et al 2008Khan et al , 2011Haque 2006;Sarwar 2005;Rahman and Ahsan 2001;Hassan and Shah 2006;Karim et al 1982Karim et al , 1990).…”

Section: Salinity In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change, Groundwater Salinization and Road Maintenance Costs in Coastal Bangladesh

Dasgupta

Hossain

Huq³

et al. 2014

Policy Research Working Papers

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The potentially-adverse impact of salinity on paved roads is well-established in the engineering literature. The problem seems destined to grow, as climate-related changes in sea level and riverine flows drive future increases in groundwater salinity. However, data scarcity has prevented systematic analysis for poor countries. This paper assesses the impact of groundwater salinity on road maintenance expenditures in the coastal region of Bangladesh. The assessment draws on new panel measures of salinity from 41 stations in coastal Bangladesh, and road maintenance expenditures, income, road network length, and road surfaces from 20 coastal municipalities. In a model relating maintenance expenditure for paved roads to groundwater salinity, municipal income, and road network length, large and significant effects are found for salinity. The regression model is used to predict the effect of within-sample salinity variation on road maintenance expenditure share, holding municipal income and road length constant at sample mean values. Increasing salinity from its sample minimum to its sample maximum increases the predicted road maintenance expenditure share by 252 percent. The implied welfare impact may also be substantial, particularly for poor households, if diversion of expenditures to road maintenance reduces support for community sanitation, health, and other infrastructure related programs.

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Assessing impacts of sea level rise on river salinity in the Gorai river network, Bangladesh

Cited by 153 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of surface geology and micro-scale land use on the shallow subsurface salinity in deltaic coastal areas: a case from southwest Bangladesh

Influence of surface geology and micro-scale land use on the shallow subsurface salinity in deltaic coastal areas: a case from southwest Bangladesh

Simulating Future Flows and Salinity Intrusion Using Combined One- and Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Modelling—The Case of Hau River, Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Climate Change, Groundwater Salinization and Road Maintenance Costs in Coastal Bangladesh

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