Assessing exposure of sediment biota to organic contaminants by thin‐film solid phase extraction

Meloche, Lizanne M.; deBruyn, Adrian M.H.; Otton, S. Victoria; Ikonomou, Michael G.; Gobas, Frank A.P.C.

doi:10.1897/08-081.1

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As highlighted in the review by Lydy et al (this issue), the simple approach of measuring C free using PSMs and then estimating bioaccumulation has been applied successfully in an increasing number of studies, including those for complex petroleum hydrocarbons, PAHs, chlorobenzenes, and PCBs (Kraaij et al ; Barthe et al ; Muijs and Jonker ; Jahnke et al ). The use of passive samplers as an analytical tool to predict bioaccumulation in laboratory studies may provide conservative estimates if uptake on the sampler is faster than the test organism and the test duration is not long enough to attain equilibrium in biota (Meloche et al ).…”

Section: Bioaccumulation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Scientific rationale supporting use of freely dissolved concentrations

Mayer

Parkerton

Adams

et al. 2014

Integr Environ Assess Manag

161

132

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Passive sampling methods (PSMs) allow the quantification of the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree) of an organic contaminant even in complex matrices such as sediments. Cfree is directly related to a contaminant's chemical activity, which drives spontaneous processes including diffusive uptake into benthic organisms and exchange with the overlying water column. Consequently, Cfree provides a more relevant dose metric than total sediment concentration. Recent developments in PSMs have significantly improved our ability to reliably measure even very low levels of Cfree. Application of PSMs in sediments is preferably conducted in the equilibrium regime, where freely dissolved concentrations in the sediment are well-linked to the measured concentration in the sampler via analyte-specific partition ratios. The equilibrium condition can then be assured by measuring a time series or a single time point using passive samplers with different surface to volume ratios. Sampling in the kinetic regime is also possible and generally involves the application of performance reference compounds for the calibration. Based on previous research on hydrophobic organic contaminants, it is concluded that Cfree allows a direct assessment of 1) contaminant exchange and equilibrium status between sediment and overlying water, 2) benthic bioaccumulation, and 3) potential toxicity to benthic organisms. Thus, the use of PSMs to measure Cfree provides an improved basis for the mechanistic understanding of fate and transport processes in sediments and has the potential to significantly improve risk assessment and management of contaminated sediments. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:197–209. © 2014 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

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Section: Bioaccumulation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Scientific rationale supporting use of freely dissolved concentrations

Mayer

Parkerton

Adams

et al. 2014

Integr Environ Assess Manag

161

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Glass jars coated with ethylene vinyl acetate co‐polymer have also been used as a passive sampler. Results of equilibration with laboratory‐spiked and field sediments were used to estimate C free as a measure of bioavailability of HOCs (Golding et al , ; Meloche et al ). As with other coatings, ethylene vinyl acetate co‐polymer worked well to estimate the bioavailability of PAHs and PCBs to marine species (Golding et al ; Meloche et al ).…”

Section: Configurations and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: State of the science for organic contaminants

Lydy

Landrum

Oen

et al. 2014

Integr Environ Assess Manag

106

105

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This manuscript surveys the literature on passive sampler methods (PSMs) used in contaminated sediments to assess the chemical activity of organic contaminants. The chemical activity in turn dictates the reactivity and bioavailability of contaminants in sediment. Approaches to measure specific binding of compounds to sediment components, for example, amorphous carbon or specific types of reduced carbon, and the associated partition coefficients are difficult to determine, particularly for native sediment. Thus, the development of PSMs that represent the chemical activity of complex compound–sediment interactions, expressed as the freely dissolved contaminant concentration in porewater (Cfree), offer a better proxy for endpoints of concern, such as reactivity, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Passive sampling methods have estimated Cfree using both kinetic and equilibrium operating modes and used various polymers as the sorbing phase, for example, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene, and polyoxymethylene in various configurations, such as sheets, coated fibers, or vials containing thin films. These PSMs have been applied in laboratory exposures and field deployments covering a variety of spatial and temporal scales. A wide range of calibration conditions exist in the literature to estimate Cfree, but consensus values have not been established. The most critical criteria are the partition coefficient between water and the polymer phase and the equilibrium status of the sampler. In addition, the PSM must not appreciably deplete Cfree in the porewater. Some of the future challenges include establishing a standard approach for PSM measurements, correcting for nonequilibrium conditions, establishing guidance for selection and implementation of PSMs, and translating and applying data collected by PSMs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:167–178. © 2014 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

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“…A variety of polymers have been employed, including polyethylene, 8−11 polyoxymethylene, 11−14 ethylene vinyl acetate, 15,16 and PDMS. 11,[17][18][19][20][21] The equilibration between the sample and the polymer has mostly been done in the laboratory, but some field applications (generally to sample water) have also been reported.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Equilibrium Sampling To Study Polychlorinated Biphenyl Disposition in Baltic Sea Sediment

Jahnke

Mayer

McLachlan

2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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An equilibrium sampling approach using glass jars with μm thin coatings of the silicone polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was validated and applied to background sediment samples from a >50 km transect in the Stockholm Archipelago. Equilibrium between the sediment and the PDMS was demonstrated using different coating thicknesses. From the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the PDMS, we assessed (i) freely dissolved concentrations in the sediment interstitial porewater (C(Sediment_free)); (ii) the equilibrium status between sediment and water; (iii) the equilibrium status between sediment and biota; and (iv) site-specific sediment/water distribution ratios (K(D)). The results showed that (i) Stockholm was a source of PCBs to the Baltic Sea as evidenced by significantly higher C(Sediment_free) in Stockholm Harbor; (ii) the fugacity in sediment exceeded that in water (monitoring samples collected in February) by an average factor of 4.0; (iii) the fugacity in sediment exceeded that in herring by an average factor of 5.2; and (iv) K(D) near Stockholm Harbor was 0.3-1.7 log units greater than in the outer archipelago. The coated glass jar method with its high precision and built-in QA/QC opens new possibilities to study the disposition of hydrophobic chemicals at trace levels (C(Sediment_free) down to 1.06 fg/L) in background environments.

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Assessing exposure of sediment biota to organic contaminants by thin‐film solid phase extraction

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Scientific rationale supporting use of freely dissolved concentrations

Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Scientific rationale supporting use of freely dissolved concentrations

Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: State of the science for organic contaminants

Sensitive Equilibrium Sampling To Study Polychlorinated Biphenyl Disposition in Baltic Sea Sediment

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