Assessing Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Growth-Accelerated Genetically Engineered Fishes

Devlin, Robert H.; Sundström, L. Fredrik; Leggatt, Rosalind A.

doi:10.1093/biosci/biv068

Cited by 51 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…It would be expeditious to use data from well-studied models when estimating risks of novel GH transgenic fish, but the reliability of this approach has not been fully assessed. Genotype × environment (G × E) interactions have been observed for many fitness components when comparing wild-type and T MT coho salmon (see [6]) and G × E interactions have been observed when comparing different types of fast-growing salmonids (i.e. GH transgenic versus domesticated fry [16, 27]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to accelerated growth, GH transgenesis can result in pleiotropic effects for other traits, including altered foraging and predator avoidance behavior, disease resistance, reproductive potential, and swimming performance (see [6]). Consequently, concern exists regarding the potential environmental impacts GH transgenic fish may have on natural ecosystems, should they escape rearing facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential environmental risks of GH transgenic fish can be calculated as a factor of the potential for the fish to enter, persist, and disperse in the ecosystem (exposure) and the potential to adversely influence ecosystem components (harm, e.g. [6–8]). An important component in assessing environmental risk is determining the certainty with which exposure and harm can be predicted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth-Enhanced Transgenic Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Strains Have Varied Success in Simulated Streams: Implications for Risk Assessment

et al. 2017

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Growth hormone (GH) transgenic fish have accelerated growth and could improve production efficiency in aquaculture. However, concern exists regarding potential environmental risks of GH transgenic fish should they escape rearing facilities. While environmental effects have been examined in some GH transgenic models, there is a lack of information on whether effects differ among different constructs or strains of transgenic fish. We compared growth and survival of wild-type coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) fry, a fast-growing GH transgenic strain containing a metallothionein promoter (TMT), and three lines/strains containing a reportedly weaker histone-3 promoter (TH3) in hatchery conditions and semi-natural stream tanks with varying levels of natural food and predators. Rank order of genotype size and survival differed with varying environmental conditions, both within and among experiments. Despite accelerated growth in hatchery conditions, TMT fry gained little or no growth enhancement in stream conditions, had enhanced survival when food was limiting, and inconsistent survival under other conditions. Rank growth was inconsistent in TH3 strains, with one strain having highest, and two strains having the lowest growth in stream conditions, although all TH3 strains had consistently poor survival. These studies demonstrate the importance of determining risk estimates for each unique transgenic model independent of other models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth-Enhanced Transgenic Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Strains Have Varied Success in Simulated Streams: Implications for Risk Assessment

et al. 2017

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“…A major concern regarding the use of transgenic fish is potential ecological impact from escapees or released individuals on natural populations [2,3]. All transgenic organisms should be adequately confined both physically and genetically to minimize environmental risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Sensitive Tet-Off-Like Systems to Knockdown Primordial Germ Cell Genes for Repressible Transgenic Sterilization in Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Qin

et al. 2017

Marine Drugs

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Repressible knockdown approaches were investigated for transgenic sterilization in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Two primordial germ cell (PGC) marker genes, nanos and dead end, were targeted for knockdown, and an off-target gene, vasa, was monitored. Two potentially salt sensitive repressible promoters, zebrafish adenylosuccinate synthase 2 (ADSS) and zebrafish racemase (Rm), were each coupled with four knockdown strategies: ds-sh RNA targeting the 5 end (N1) or 3 end (N2) of channel catfish nanos, full-length cDNA sequence of channel catfish nanos for overexpression (cDNA) and ds-sh RNA targeting channel catfish dead end (DND). Each construct had an untreated group and treated group with sodium chloride as the repressor compound. Spawning rates of full-sibling P 1 fish exposed or not exposed to the constructs as treated and untreated embryos were 93% and 59%, respectively, indicating potential sterilization of fish and repression of the constructs. Although the mRNA expression data of PGC marker genes were inconsistent in P 1 fish, most F 1 individuals were able to downregulate the target genes in untreated groups and repress the knockdown process in treated groups. The results indicate that repressible transgenic sterilization is feasible for reproductive control of fish, but more data from F 2 or F 3 are needed for evaluation.

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“…This experiment has examined smolt‐aged behaviour of juvenile O. kisutch in an ocean‐like environment and further has assessed whether T and NT O. kisutch differ in terms of general activity levels and in response to feeding. Previous studies of juvenile growth‐enhanced O. kisutch have shown an inhibited fear‐response and aggressive foraging behaviour relative to wild‐type strains (Sundström et al ., ; Devlin et al ., ). In the present study, juvenile T O .…”

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confidence: 97%

Behaviour of growth hormone transgenic coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch in marine mesocosms assessed by acoustic tag telemetry

Hollo

Watson

Johnston

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Biology

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Underwater acoustic tag telemetry was used to assess behavioural differences between juvenile wild-type (i.e. non-transgenic, NT) and growth hormone (GH) transgenic (T) coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch in a contained simulated ocean environment. T O. kisutch were found across days to maintain higher baseline swimming speeds than NT O. kisutch and differences in response to feeding were detected between T and NT genotypes. This is the first study to assess behaviour of GH transgenic salmonids in a marine environment and has relevance for assessing whether behavioural effects of GH overexpression seen in freshwater environments can be extrapolated to oceanic phases of the life cycle.

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Assessing Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Growth-Accelerated Genetically Engineered Fishes

Cited by 51 publications

References 77 publications

Growth-Enhanced Transgenic Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Strains Have Varied Success in Simulated Streams: Implications for Risk Assessment

Growth-Enhanced Transgenic Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Strains Have Varied Success in Simulated Streams: Implications for Risk Assessment

Salt Sensitive Tet-Off-Like Systems to Knockdown Primordial Germ Cell Genes for Repressible Transgenic Sterilization in Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Behaviour of growth hormone transgenic coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch in marine mesocosms assessed by acoustic tag telemetry

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