Assessing durability of cathodes exposed to common air impurities

Mohtadi, Rana; Lee, W.-k.; Zee, J. W. Van

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.036

Cited by 225 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…PEFC stacks have to survive under a range of operational environments varying from, for example, a winter low of sub-zero air temperatures to a summer high relative humidity. For instance, open-cathode PEFCs have to survive under a range of atmospheric compositions which can include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ionic contamination, as well as fuel impurities that can all potentially cause irreversible damage to the PEFC [1]. The list of critical contaminants is much longer if we also consider the effects of battlefield gases for military applications [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electrical Circuit for Performance Analysis of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Cruz-Manzo

Chen

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this study, a new electrical equivalent circuit is developed to evaluate the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) stacks using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Experimental EIS measurements were carried out in an open-cathode PEFC stack to validate the new electrical equivalent circuit. The electrical equivalent circuit developed in the authors’ previous study, which simulates the impedance response of a single PEFC, is applied to EIS measurements carried out in the open-cathode PEFC stack. However, it cannot reproduce EIS measurements with positive imaginary components at low frequencies. Thus, in this study, the electrical equivalent circuit is modified by adding electrical components which represent intermediate adsorbed species in a two-step electrochemical reaction as reported in the literature. The results show that the new electrical equivalent circuit can accurately reproduce the experimental EIS measurements and can give an insight into the factors that limit the performance of the PEFC stack. This new electrical equivalent circuit can enable an assessment of the state of health and performance of the fuel cell stacks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electrical Circuit for Performance Analysis of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Cruz-Manzo

Chen

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…With respect to contamination impact observation, the effects on fuel cell performance of impurities such as CO, CO 2 ,H 2 S, and NH 3 in the fuel feed [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and SO x ,N O x ,H 2 S, and NH 3 [16,[21][22][23][24] in the air stream have been extensively examined. A study of battlefield air impurities such as benzene, propane, HCN, CNCL, sarin, and sulfur mustard has also been reported [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general model for air-side proton exchange membrane fuel cell contamination

Shi

Song

et al. 2009

Journal of Power Sources

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. This paper presents a general model for air-side feed stream contamination that has the capability of simulating both transient and steady-state performance of a PEM fuel cell in the presence of air-side feed stream impurities. The model is developed based on the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism, contaminant surface adsorption/desorption, and electrochemical reaction kinetics. The model is then applied to the study of air-side toluene contamination. Experimental data for toluene contamination at four current densities (0.2, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 A cm −2 ) and three contamination levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm) were used to validate the model. In addition, it is expected that, with parameter adjustment, this model can also be used to predict performance degradation caused by other air impurities such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and sulfur oxides (SO x ). Crown

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“…The cell performance decreased by 53% and by 78% after the cell exposure to 2.5 ppm and 5 ppm SO 2 -air mixture, respectively [2]. Jing et al [3] demonstrated that 35% decay on the cell performance was found when the cell was exposed to 1 ppm SO 2 for 100 h. Moreover, 0.25 ppm SO 2 -air mixture could dramatically degrade the cell performance [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pollution mechanism of SO 2 is also deeply investigated. Most researchers supported that SO 2 occupied the active sites of the catalyst by its adsorption on the platinum catalyst and thus decreased the catalytic activities [2][3][4]. The modes of SO 2 adsorption on the platinum catalyst were distinguished into linear adsorption and bridged adsorption [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They suggested that SO 2 molecules could be adsorbed on the Pt catalyst without charge transfer at 0.65 V, oxidized above 0.65 V and reduced below it. To date, some methods, such as cycle voltammogram (CV) scans, open circuit voltage (OCV) and I-V measurements, have already been used to handle with SO 2 poisoning [2,7,8]. Additionally, Ma et al [9] confirmed that activated carbon could be used as air filtration adsorbent to prevent SO 2 from poisoning the cell catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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