Assessing Diversity in the<i>Camelina</i>Genus Provides Insights into the Genome Structure of<i>Camelina sativa</i>

Chaudhary, R. C.; Koh, ChuShin; Kagale, Sateesh; Tang, Lily; Lv, Zhenling; Mason, Annaliese S.; Sharpe, Andrew; Diederichsen, Axel; Parkin, Isobel A. P.

doi:10.1534/g3.119.400957

Cited by 40 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Defining the relationships between the camelina species may help to identify species that are potential novel sources of allelic variation for introgression into C. sativa [51]. So far, little genetic diversity exists in currently available C. sativa cultivars limiting the effectiveness of traditional breeding programs [52][53][54].…”

Section: Genomic Content Of C Sativamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-edited Camelina sativa with a unique fatty acid content and its potential impact on ecosystems

Kawall¹

2021

Environ Sci Eur

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Abstract‘Genome editing’ is intended to accelerate modern plant breeding enabling a much faster and more efficient development of crops with improved traits such as increased yield, altered nutritional composition, as well as resistance to factors of biotic and abiotic stress. These traits are often generated by site-directed nuclease-1 (SDN-1) applications that induce small, targeted changes in the plant genomes. These intended alterations can be combined in a way to generate plants with genomes that are altered on a larger scale than it is possible with conventional breeding techniques. The power and the potential of genome editing comes from its highly effective mode of action being able to generate different allelic combinations of genes, creating, at its most efficient, homozygous gene knockouts. Additionally, multiple copies of functional genes can be targeted all at once. This is especially relevant in polyploid plants such as Camelina sativa which contain complex genomes with multiple chromosome sets. Intended alterations induced by genome editing have potential to unintentionally alter the composition of a plant and/or interfere with its metabolism, e.g., with the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as phytohormones or other biomolecules. This could affect diverse defense mechanisms and inter-/intra-specific communication of plants having a direct impact on associated ecosystems. This review focuses on the intended alterations in crops mediated by SDN-1 applications, the generation of novel genotypes and the ecological effects emerging from these intended alterations. Genome editing applications in C. sativa are used to exemplify these issues in a crop with a complex genome. C. sativa is mainly altered in its fatty acid biosynthesis and used as an oilseed crop to produce biofuels.

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Section: Genomic Content Of C Sativamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-edited Camelina sativa with a unique fatty acid content and its potential impact on ecosystems

Kawall¹

2021

Environ Sci Eur

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“…Previous research has reported a unique seed FA composition and exceptionally high erucic acid content in C. neglecta when grown in controlled environments [36]. Additional sampling and characterization of C. neglecta populations may provide a promising avenue for crop improvement, as recent studies have uncovered up to two of the three subgenomes of C. sativa to be derived from C. neglecta or a close relative [16,37]. Resynthesis of this hexaploid crop may prove possible as is the case in Brassica and the 'Triangle of U' [38], thus facilitating additional natural diversity and agronomic traits for crop improvement [15].…”

Section: Geographical and Climatic Distributions Of Camelina Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between genetics and environment shape Camelina seed oil composition

et al. 2020

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Background Camelina sativa (gold-of-pleasure) is a traditional European oilseed crop and emerging biofuel source with high levels of desirable fatty acids. A twentieth century germplasm bottleneck depleted genetic diversity in the crop, leading to recent interest in using wild relatives for crop improvement. However, little is known about seed oil content and genetic diversity in wild Camelina species. Results We used gas chromatography, environmental niche assessment, and genotyping-by-sequencing to assess seed fatty acid composition, environmental distributions, and population structure in C. sativa and four congeners, with a primary focus on the crop’s wild progenitor, C. microcarpa. Fatty acid composition differed significantly between Camelina species, which occur in largely non-overlapping environments. The crop progenitor comprises three genetic subpopulations with discrete fatty acid compositions. Environment, subpopulation, and population-by-environment interactions were all important predictors for seed oil in these wild populations. A complementary growth chamber experiment using C. sativa confirmed that growing conditions can dramatically affect both oil quantity and fatty acid composition in Camelina. Conclusions Genetics, environmental conditions, and genotype-by-environment interactions all contribute to fatty acid variation in Camelina species. These insights suggest careful breeding may overcome the unfavorable FA compositions in oilseed crops that are predicted with warming climates.

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“…Wild camelina may represent a valuable source of genetic diversity for this species in future breeding programs in Europe. The allohexaploid genome of camelina is sequenced and embraces approximately 788.6 MB, containing approximately three times more genes than Arabidopsis thaliana and with the highest genetic density among sequenced plant genomes (Chaudhary et al 2020;Kagale et al 2016). Even though it has a sequenced genome, information on camelina genes controlling important traits is still lacking.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Breeding Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

Zanetti

Alberghini

Jeromela

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Promoting crop diversification in European agriculture is a key pillar of the agroecological transition. Diversifying crops generally enhances crop productivity, quality, soil health and fertility, and resilience to pests and diseases and reduces environmental stresses. Moreover, crop diversification provides an alternative means of enhancing farmers’ income. Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) reemerged in the background of European agriculture approximately three decades ago, when the first studies on this ancient native oilseed species were published. Since then, a considerable number of studies on this species has been carried out in Europe. The main interest in camelina is related to its (1) broad environmental adaptability, (2) low-input requirements, (3) resistance to multiple pests and diseases, and (4) multiple uses in food, feed, and biobased applications. The present article is a comprehensive and critical review of research carried out in Europe (compared with the rest of the world) on camelina in the last three decades, including genetics and breeding, agronomy and cropping systems, and end-uses, with the aim of making camelina an attractive new candidate crop for European farming systems. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of what is still missing to scale camelina up from a promising oilseed to a commonly cultivated crop in Europe is also provided (1) to motivate scientists to promote their studies and (2) to show farmers and end-users the real potential of this interesting species.

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Assessing Diversity in theCamelinaGenus Provides Insights into the Genome Structure ofCamelina sativa

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Genome-edited Camelina sativa with a unique fatty acid content and its potential impact on ecosystems

Genome-edited Camelina sativa with a unique fatty acid content and its potential impact on ecosystems

Interactions between genetics and environment shape Camelina seed oil composition

Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

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