Assessing cytogenotoxicity of cigarette smoke condensates using three in vitro assays

Cyto-genotoxic effects of smoke from commercial filter and non-filter cigarettes on human bronchial and pulmonary cells

“…Some recent studies have used the comet assay to assess the cyto-genotoxicity of cigarette-smoke condensate (CSC) from commercial cigarettes with different tar yields [41][42][43] on human peripheral lymphocytes and human B-lymphoblastoid cells (cell line HMy2.CIR) after 4 h of exposure. In particular, Lou et al [43] evaluated the cyto-genotoxicity of 12 different CSCs by use of five in vitro assays (CCK-8 and Neutral Red viability assays, cell apoptosis assay, comet assay and micronucleus assay), and found that cyto-genotoxicity of the different brands of cigarettes varied greatly and demonstrated the high sensitivity of the comet assay in assessing the genotoxicity induced by CSC.…”

Apoptosis and necrosis: two different outcomes of cigarette smoke condensate-induced endothelial cell death

“…Indeed, studies investigating the effect of CSC in vivo are rare. However, various in vitro experiments revealed CSC-induced cellular atherogenic alterations in endothelial cells as for instance: (a) genotoxic effects, 35 (b) alteration in the cytokine expression, 36 (c) upregulation of genes involved in matrix degradation, 37 (d) CSC-induced adherence of monocytes to the endothelial cell monolayer, 38 (e) CSC-induced surface expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and transendothelial migration of monocytes 39 and (f) decreased migration ability of endothelial cells in vitro . 40 All the mentioned processes are well known to be involved in atherogenesis initiation and may contribute to vascular dysfunction and the atherogenic process in vivo .…”