Assessing continuity in the ancestral territory of the Tsleil-Waututh-Coast Salish, southwest British Columbia, Canada

Morin, Jesse; Lepofsky, Dana; Ritchie, Morgan; Porčić, Marko; Edinborough, Kevan

doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2018.04.004

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In recent archaeological studies, summed probability distributions (SPDs) of 14 C dates have been increasingly used as proxy data for the changes in population size of ancient societies 96–99 . We compared our AP data with Korean SPD data spanning the period from 5.9 ka to 2.2 ka BP 98 to examine the impact of late Holocene abrupt events on ancient societies (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Park

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Holocene abrupt cooling events have long attracted attention in academia due to public concern that similar rapid changes may reappear in the near future. Thus, considerable progress has been made toward understanding these short-term cooling events in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in Europe and North America. However, few relevant studies have been conducted in coastal East Asia due to a lack of undisturbed sample materials appropriate for paleoclimate studies. In this study, we examined Holocene abrupt drying events and the Holocene climate optimum (HCO) based on a new high-resolution multi-proxy record (pollen, mean grain size, total organic carbon, carbon/nitrogen ratio) from the south coast of Korea. Possible cultural impacts of the events were also explored using summed probability distributions (SPDs) of archaeological radiocarbon dates. Our arboreal pollen percentage (AP) data clearly indicated drying events centered at 9.8 ka, 9.2 ka, 8.2 ka, 4.7 ka, 4.2 ka, 3.7 ka, 3.2 ka, 2.8 ka, and 2.4 ka BP. The AP data also indicated that forests were severely damaged by a two-step successive drying event during the period from 8.4 ka to 8 ka BP and that the HCO lasted from ca. 7.6 ka to ca. 4.8 ka BP. According to the results of a correlation analysis, climate variations on the Korean peninsula were possibly controlled by shifts in western tropical Pacific (WTP) sea surface temperatures during the past ~5500 years. Simultaneous declines in the SPDs and AP from 2.8 ka to 2.3 ka BP may reflect a demographic reduction attributable to rapid climate deterioration on the peninsula. Refugee agriculturalists might have immigrated to Japan and developed the Yayoi culture. In this study, the 2.8 ka event and its societal impact are recognized clearly for the first time in coastal East Asia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Park

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Recently published case-studies dealing with large-scale meta-analysis of radiocarbon data are now moving beyond methodological development, and instead seek to frame cultural evolution and population history within specific questions of, for example, continuity (Morin et al, 2018), oral traditions (Edinborough et al, 2017, climate and landscape change (Jørgensen, 2018), and economic history (McLaughlin, 2019). These studies, combined with discussions about what aggregated radiocarbon data actually mean in terms of past activity (Freeman et al, 2018), represent a considerable theoretical movement within archaeology, but a timely one given the renewed interest in past demography engendered by studies of ancient DNA.…”

Section: Methodological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this approach to the archaeological record has incurred some criticism (Attenbrow & Hiscock, 2015;Carleton & Groucutt, 2021;Contreras & Meadows, 2014;Torfing, 2015), further developments in simulation and bootstrapping have introduced methods that deal with calibration noise and enable identification of points in time where activity levels significantly deviate from null models of uniform or exponential growth (Carleton & Groucutt, 2021;Timpson et al, 2014). More recently, methods for formally testing the difference in activity and dynamics at various co-ordinates in time or space have been published (Crema et al, 2017;Edinborough et al, 2017) and, as discussed below, kernel density estimation (KDE) is a useful alternative to summed probability modelling for archaeological data (Bronk Ramsey, 2017;Brown, 2017;McLaughlin, 2019).Recently published case-studies dealing with large-scale meta-analysis of radiocarbon data are now moving beyond methodological development, and instead seek to frame cultural evolution and population history within specific questions of, for example, continuity (Morin et al, 2018), oral traditions (Edinborough et al, 2017, climate and landscape change (Jørgensen, 2018), and economic history (McLaughlin, 2019). These studies, combined with discussions about what aggregated radiocarbon data actually mean in terms of past activity (Freeman et al, 2018), represent a considerable theoretical movement within archaeology, but a timely one given the renewed interest in past demography engendered by studies of ancient DNA.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon Dated Trends and Central Mediterranean Prehistory

et al. 2021

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This paper reviews the evidence for long term trends in anthropogenic activity and population dynamics across the Holocene in the central Mediterranean and the chronology of cultural events. The evidence for this has been constituted in a database of 4608 radiocarbon dates (of which 4515 were retained for analysis following initial screening) from 1195 archaeological sites in southern France, Italy and Malta, spanning the Mesolithic to Early Iron Age periods, c. 8000 to 500 BC. We provide an overview of the settlement record for central Mediterranean prehistory and add to this an assessment of the available archaeological radiocarbon evidence in order to review the traditional narratives on the prehistory of the region. This new chronology has enabled us to identify the most significant points in time where activity levels, population dynamics and cultural change have together caused strong temporal patterning in the archaeological record. Some of these episodes were localized to one region, whereas others were part of pan-regional trends and cultural trajectories that took many centuries to play out fully, revealing prehistoric societies subject to collapse, recovery, and continuing instability over the long-term. Using the radiocarbon evidence, we model growth rates in the various regions so that the tempo of change at certain points in space and time can be identified, compared, and discussed in the context of demographic change. Using other published databases of radiocarbon data, we have drawn comparisons across the central Mediterranean to wider prehistoric Europe, and northern Africa. Finally, we include a brief response to the synchronously published but independently developed paper (Palmisano et al. in J World Prehist 34(3), 2021). While there are differences in our respective approaches, we share the general conclusions that large-scale trends can been identified through meta-analyses of the archaeological record, and these offer new perspectives on how society functioned.

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“…Comparable studies focused more explicitly on issues of continuity, sufficiency, and exclusivity are in progress. For example, Morin and his colleagues are creating a model of Tsleil-Waututh-Coast Salish continuity in southwest British Columbia (Morin et al., 2018).…”

Section: Discussion: Closing Gaps Between Legal and Archaeological Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Aboriginal rights and title for archaeologists: A history of archaeological evidence in Canadian litigation

Hogg

Welch

2020

Journal of Social Archaeology

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Archaeological evidence has been used to assess pre-contact occupation and use of land since the first modern Aboriginal title claim in Canada. Archaeology’s ability to alternately challenge, support, and add substantive spatial and temporal dimensions to oral histories and documentary histories makes it a crucial tool in the resolution of Aboriginal rights and title. This article assesses how archaeological evidence has been considered in Aboriginal rights and title litigation in Canada, both over time and in different types of cases. The examination indicates that archaeological data have been judged to be sufficient evidence of pre-contact occupation and use. However, some limitations inherent in archaeological data, especially challenges in archaeology’s capacities to demonstrate continuous occupation and exclude possibilities for co-occupation, mean that it is best used in conjunction with ethnographies, oral histories, and historical documents. So long as courts affirm that it is the sole material evidence of pre-contact occupation, archaeological data will continue to be considered in future litigation.

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Assessing continuity in the ancestral territory of the Tsleil-Waututh-Coast Salish, southwest British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Radiocarbon Dated Trends and Central Mediterranean Prehistory

Aboriginal rights and title for archaeologists: A history of archaeological evidence in Canadian litigation

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