Assessing combinatorial effects of HIV infection and former cocaine dependence on cognitive control processes: A high-density electrical mapping study of response inhibition

Wakim, Kathryn-Mary; Freedman, Edward G.; Molloy, Ciara J.; Vieyto, Nicole; Cao, Cody Zhewei; Foxe, John J.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108636

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…One often-used approach to studying response inhibition is the Go/NoGo task using a set of visual images as stimuli. The task requires pressing a response button after each novel image is presented ('Go' trial), but withholding the button press in response to the second presentation of a repeated image ('NoGo' trial) [15,23,29,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. During successful NoGo trials during which the participant properly withholds a response, two stimulus-locked Event-Related Potential (ERP) components are typically elicited: the N2 and the P3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young adults who improve performance during dual-task walking show more flexible reallocation of cognitive resources: A Mobile Brain-Body Imaging (MoBI) study

Patelaki

Foxe

Mazurek

et al. 2022

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In young adults, pairing a taxing cognitive task with walking can have different effects on gait and cognitive task performance. In some cases, performance clearly declines whereas in others compensatory mechanisms maintain performance even under dual-task conditions. This study set out to investigate the preliminary finding of behavioral improvement in Go-NoGo response inhibition task performance during walking compared to sitting, which was observed at the piloting stage. Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) was used to record electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, three-dimensional (3D) gait kinematics and behavioral responses in the cognitive task, during sitting or walking on a treadmill. In a cohort of twenty-six (26) young adults, fourteen (14) participants improved in measures of cognitive task performance while walking compared to sitting. These participants exhibited walking-related EEG amplitude reductions over frontal brain scalp regions during key stages of inhibitory control (conflict monitoring, control implementation and pre-motor stages), accompanied by reduced stride-to-stride variability and faster responses to stimuli compared to those who did not improve. In contrast, the twelve (12) participants who did not improve exhibited no EEG amplitude differences across physical condition. The neural activity changes associated with performance improvement during dual tasking hold promise as cognitive flexibility markers that can potentially help assess cognitive decline in aging and neurodegeneration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young adults who improve performance during dual-task walking show more flexible reallocation of cognitive resources: A Mobile Brain-Body Imaging (MoBI) study

Patelaki

Foxe

Mazurek

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Coupling response inhibition tasks with walking has been shown to cause pronounced performance declines and increased competition in prefrontal neural circuits in older adults (47). One commonly used approach to study response inhibition is the so-called visual Go/NoGo task (1,39,(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54). These tasks typically involve setting up a response regime whereby participants must respond very regularly to the great majority of stimuli presented ('Go' stimuli), such that there is a prepotent inclination to execute such a response, while introducing occasional 'lure' NoGo stimuli that require participants to withhold their response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical improvement of cognitive control in older adults under dual-task walking conditions is associated with more flexible reallocation of neural resources: A Mobile Brain-Body Imaging (MoBI) study

Patelaki

Foxe

Mantel

et al. 2022

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Combining walking with a demanding cognitive task is traditionally expected to elicit decrements in gait and/or cognitive task performance. However, it was recently shown that, in a cohort of young adults, most participants paradoxically improved performance when walking was added to performance of a Go/NoGo response inhibition task. The present study aims to extend these previous findings to an older adult cohort, to investigate whether this paradoxical improvement when dual-tasking is observed in healthy older adults. Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) was used to record electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, three-dimensional (3D) gait kinematics and behavioral responses in the Go/NoGo task, during sitting or walking on a treadmill, in 34 young adults and 37 older adults. Increased response accuracy during walking, independent of age, was found to correlate with slower responses to stimuli and with walking-related EEG amplitude modulations over latencies and topographies related to the cognitive component of inhibition. On the other hand, aging, independent of response accuracy during walking, was found to correlate with slower treadmill walking speeds and attenuation in walking-related EEG amplitude modulations over latencies and topographies associated with the motor component of inhibition. Older adults whose response accuracy improved during walking manifested neural signatures of both behavioral improvement and aging, suggesting that their flexibility in reallocating neural resources while walking might be maintained for the cognitive but not for the motor inhibitory component. These distinct neural signatures of aging and behavior can potentially be used to identify super-agers, or individuals at risk for cognitive decline due to aging or neurodegenerative disease.

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“…Contrary to the initial hypothesis, the current study found no evidence of an interaction between HIV and history of CD on neurocognitive performance, nor evidence of interactive changes in measures of brain integrity in participants with HIV and history of CD. Although previous functional neuroimaging studies have revealed synergistic CD+/HIV+ alterations in executive control-related brain circuitry (Bauer, 2011; Bell et al, 2020; Meade et al, 2016; Meade et al, 2017; Wakim et al, 2021), only three studies to date have employed structural MRI to examine the possible interactive effects of HIV and substance dependence on brain-based measures using structural neuroimaging. Jernigan and colleagues used structural MRI to examine the interaction between a history of methamphetamine (meth) dependence and HIV in meth-abstinent participants, finding largely independent effects of each factor on cerebral brain volume estimates (Jernigan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-resolution structural T1 contrast images were acquired using a magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo pulse (MPRAGE) sequence [repetition time (TR) = 2530 ms, echo time (TE) = 2.34 ms, flip angle = 7 degrees, field of view (FOV) = 256 mm, voxel size1 × 1 × 1 mm]. Data were collected as part of a larger study to assess the combined effect of HIV and CD on structural and functional brain measures (Wakim et al, 2021; Wakim et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work indicates that the combination of HIV and CD is associated with functional alteration in brain circuitry mediating high-level cognitive functions, including cognitive control (Wakim et al, 2021; Wakim et al, 2022) and decision making (Bell et al, 2020; Meade et al, 2017). The goal of this study was to examine the effects of HIV on macrostructure and neurocognitive function in cocaine-abstinent individuals with a history of CD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Hiv Infection and Former Cocaine Dependence on Neuroanatomical Measures and Neurocognitive Performance

Wakim

Freedman

Tivarus

et al. 2022

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Evidence from animal research, postmortem analyses, and MRI investigations indicate substantial morphological alteration in brain structure as a function of HIV or cocaine dependence (CD). Although previous research on HIV+ active cocaine users suggests the presence of deleterious morphological effects in excess of either condition alone, a yet unexplored question is whether there is a similar deleterious interaction in HIV+ individuals with CD who are currently abstinent. To this end, the combinatorial effects of HIV and CD history on regional brain volume, cortical thickness, and neurocognitive performance was examined across four groups of participants: healthy controls, HIV-negative individuals with a history of CD, HIV+ individuals with no history of CD, HIV+ individuals with a history of CD. Our analyses revealed no statistical evidence of an interaction between both conditions on brain morphometry and neurocognitive performance. While descriptively, individuals with comorbid HIV and a history of CD exhibited the lowest neurocognitive performance scores, using Principle Component Analysis of neurocognitive testing data, HIV was identified as a primary driver of neurocognitive impairment. Higher caudate volume was evident in CD+ participants relative to CD- participants. Taken together, these data provide evidence of independent effects of HIV and CD history on brain morphometry and neurocognitive performance in cocaine-abstinent individuals.

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Assessing combinatorial effects of HIV infection and former cocaine dependence on cognitive control processes: A high-density electrical mapping study of response inhibition

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Young adults who improve performance during dual-task walking show more flexible reallocation of cognitive resources: A Mobile Brain-Body Imaging (MoBI) study

Young adults who improve performance during dual-task walking show more flexible reallocation of cognitive resources: A Mobile Brain-Body Imaging (MoBI) study

Paradoxical improvement of cognitive control in older adults under dual-task walking conditions is associated with more flexible reallocation of neural resources: A Mobile Brain-Body Imaging (MoBI) study

Effects of Hiv Infection and Former Cocaine Dependence on Neuroanatomical Measures and Neurocognitive Performance

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