Assessing atmospheric nitrogen deposition to natural and semi-natural ecosystems – Experience from Danish studies using the DAMOS

Hertel, Ole; Geels, Camilla; Ellermann, Thomas; Skjøth, Carsten Ambelas; Løfstrøm, Per; Christensen, J. H.; Andersen, Helle Vibeke; Peel, Robert George

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.071

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This concept of combined LDT and local scale calculations has been shown to work for air pollutants (e.g. Geels et al [27], Hertel et al [39]), and is considered usable for urban scale calculations of aeroallergens once urban scale maps of aeroallergen sources have been produced [25]. By combining local and regional scale processes and explaining the near source distribution of pollen by the use of models, the current study addresses one of the major challenges in the understanding of airborne pollen transport [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of exposure to airborne <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen from local and distant sources in Europe – an example from Denmark

Sommer¹,

Smith²,

Šikoparija³

et al. 2015

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Background. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. is a noxious invasive alien species in Europe. It is an important aeroallergen and millions of people are exposed to its pollen. Objective. The main aim of this study is to show that atmospheric concentrations of Ambrosia pollen recorded in Denmark can be derived from local or more distant sources. Methods. This was achieved by using a combination of pollen measurements, air mass trajectory calculations using the HYPLIT model and mapping all known Ambrosia locations in Denmark and relating them to land cover types. Results. The annual pollen index recorded in Copenhagen during a 15-year period varied from a few pollen grains to more than 100. Since 2005, small quantities of Ambrosia pollen has been observed in the air every year. We have demonstrated, through a combination of Lagrangian back-trajectory calculations and atmospheric pollen measurements, that pollen arrived in Denmark via long-distance transport from centres of Ambrosia infection, such as the Pannonian Plain and Ukraine. Combining observations with results from a local scale dispersion model show that it is possible that Ambrosia pollen could be derived from local sources identified within Denmark. Conclusions. The high allergenic capacity of Ambrosia pollen means that only small amounts of pollen are relevant for allergy sufferers, and just a few plants will be sufficient to produce enough pollen to affect pollen allergy sufferers within a short distance from the source. It is necessary to adopt control measures to restrict Ambrosia numbers. Recommendations for the removal of all Ambrosia plants can effectively reduce the amount of local pollen, as long as the population of Ambrosia plants is small.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of exposure to airborne <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen from local and distant sources in Europe – an example from Denmark

Sommer¹,

Smith²,

Šikoparija³

et al. 2015

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…250 NATURA 2000 sites has been made (Dinesen and Bjerregaard, 2011). For such assessments, the system is used to map the N deposition to selected nature areas, estimate impact of local vs. non-local emissions and to compare the local N load with critical load values Frohn et al, 2010;Geels et al, 2008;Hertel et al, 2012). The centres have access to maps similar to the maps in Fig.…”

Section: Applications Of the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved modelling of atmospheric ammonia over Denmark using the coupled modelling system DAMOS

et al. 2012

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Abstract.A local-scale Gaussian dispersion-deposition model (OML-DEP) has been coupled to a regional chemistry-transport model (DEHM with a resolution of approximately 6 km × 6 km over Denmark) in the Danish Ammonia Modelling System, DAMOS. Thereby, it has been possible to model the distribution of ammonia concentrations and depositions on a spatial resolution down to 400 m × 400 m for selected areas in Denmark. DAMOS has been validated against measured concentrations from the dense measuring network covering Denmark. Here measured data from 21 sites are included and the validation period covers 2-5 years within the period [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. A standard time series analysis (using statistic parameters like correlation and bias) shows that the coupled model system captures the measured time series better than the regional-scale model alone. However, our study also shows that about 50 % of the modelled concentration level at a given location originates from non-local emission sources. The local-scale model covers a domain of 16 km × 16 km, and of the locally released ammonia (NH 3 ) within this domain, our simulations at five sites show that 14-27 % of the locally (within 16 km × 16 km) emitted NH 3 also deposits locally. These results underline the importance of including both high-resolution local-scale modelling of NH 3 as well as the regional-scale component described by the regional model. The DAMOS system can be used as a tool in environmental management in relation to assessments of total nitrogen load of sensitive nature areas in intense agricultural regions. However, high spatio-temporal resolution in input parameters like NH 3 emissions and landuse data is required.

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“…Air pollution is also an important issue for the many local, state and national parks and other public and private recreational areas that are in regions where air quality, regional haze, visibility impairment and N deposition impacts are strongly affected by urban and on-road emissions. Particulate forms of N also allow for long-range transport of atmospheric N, thus contributing to N deposition effects in wildland areas located downwind of emission sources (Heard et al, 2014;Hertel et al, 2013).…”

Section: Environmental and Ecological Implications Of Urban And On-romentioning

confidence: 99%

On-road emissions of ammonia: An underappreciated source of atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Fenn

Bytnerowicz

Schilling

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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H I G H L I G H T S• This study documents the increasing importance of on-road emissions of NH 3.• NO x emissions control mechanisms frequently result in NH 3 production and emissions.• NH 3 is an important driver of N deposition in urban-affected areas and near roadways.• NH 4 -N:NO 3 -N ratios in urban deposition are indicative of elevated NH 3 emissions.• On-road NH 3 emissions exceed agricultural emissions where 40% of the U.S. resides. We provide updated spatial distribution and inventory data for on-road NH 3 emissions for the continental United States (U.S.) On-road NH 3 emissions were determined from on-road CO 2 emissions data and empirical NH 3 :CO 2 vehicle emissions ratios. Emissions of NH 3 from on-road sources in urbanized regions are typically 0.1-1.3 t km −2 yr −1 while NH 3 emissions in agricultural regions generally range from 0.4-5.5 t km G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C T a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o, with a few hotspots as high as 5.5-11.2 t km −2 yr −1. Counties with higher vehicle NH 3 emissions than from agriculture include 40% of the U.S. population. The amount of wet inorganic N deposition as NH 4 + from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) network ranged from 37 to 83% with a mean of 58.7%. Only 4% of the NADP sites across the U.S. had b45% of the N deposition as NH 4 + based on data from 2014 to 2016, illustrating the near-universal elevated proportions of NH 4 + in deposition across the U.S. Case studies of on-road NH 3 emissions in relation to N deposition include four urban sites in Oregon and Washington where the average NH 4 -N:NO 3 -N ratio in bulk deposition was 2.3. At urban sites in the greater Los Angeles Basin, bulk deposition of NH 4 -N and NO 3 -N were equivalent, while NH 4 -N:NO 3 -N in throughfall under shrubs ranged from 0.6 to 1.7. The NH 4 -N:NO 3 -N ratio at 7-10 sites in the Lake Tahoe Basin averaged 1.4 and 1.6 in bulk deposition and throughfall, and deposition of NH 4 -N was strongly correlated with summertime NH 3 concentrations. On-road

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Assessing atmospheric nitrogen deposition to natural and semi-natural ecosystems – Experience from Danish studies using the DAMOS

Cited by 31 publications

References 47 publications

Risk of exposure to airborne <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen from local and distant sources in Europe – an example from Denmark

Risk of exposure to airborne <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen from local and distant sources in Europe – an example from Denmark

Improved modelling of atmospheric ammonia over Denmark using the coupled modelling system DAMOS

On-road emissions of ammonia: An underappreciated source of atmospheric nitrogen deposition

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