Plankton communities and hydrochemistry of an oligotrophic lake occupying a glacial valley in Argentinian Patagonia (42 °49'S ; 71 °43'W) were studied . Monthly samples at three stations integrated from 0 to 50 m and stratified samples at the site of maximum depth, were taken during the growing season . Transparency was always controlled by glacial silt, and not by phytoplankton . Lake water belongs to the calcium-bicarbonate type, with low conductivity (24 1tS cm -1 ), and poor buffering capacity. Forty-five phytoplankton taxa were found . Mean phytoplankton density was 49 cells ml -1 and mean biomass 69 Mg 1 -1 . N :P relationships, inorganic nitrogen exhaustion in the photic layer, and correlations between nutrients and phytoplankton density suggests nitrogen as the main limiting factor . Fifteen zooplankton species were found . Mean zooplankton density was 12 .2 ind . 1 -1 and mean biomass 22 .9 ug 1 -1 . Diatoms and Boeckellidae were the dominant planktonic groups . Morphometry and hydrological factors were responsible for horizontal heterogeneity in phytoplankton and chemical variables .