Assessing antibiotic resistance in fecal Escherichia coli in young calves using cluster analysis techniques

Berge, Anna Catharina; Atwill, ER; Sischo, W. M.

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(03)00191-0

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Assuming they occurred sporadically and at random, they would not be expected to affect the analysis. Berge et al demonstrated no difference in antimicrobial resistance pattern distribution in non-E. coli isolated from MacConkey agar compared to isolates biochemically confirmed as E. coli [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antimicrobials with a bimodal distribution of inhibition zones were used in grouping the strains using cluster analysis. Clusters were determined using Ward's minimum variance method and squared Euclidean distance, as described [5,12,32]. Clusters were considered ordinal outcomes, and ordered according to increasing resistance, based on a decreasing sum of mean inhibition zone sizes to the eleven antimicrobials.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commensal E. coli have been used as a monitor of antimicrobial resistance in cattle and swine populations [5,10,30,31]. Use of commensal organisms is convenient and allows measurement of the resistance gene pool that may be transmitted to pathogenic bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the effect of a single dose florfenicol treatment in feedlot cattle on the antimicrobial resistance patterns in faecal Escherichia coli

2005

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-The objective of this clinical trial was to examine the effect of a single dose of florfenicol on antimicrobial resistance patterns in faecal E. coli of feedlot steers. Steers (n = 370), were purchased from two sources and housed in outdoor concrete floored pens. Two cattle from each pen (n = 42 pens, 84 cattle) were randomly selected for faecal sampling at study day 1, 14, 28, and 42. One sampled animal from each of 21 pens was randomly selected to receive a single 39.6 mg/kg dose of florfenicol subcutaneously at study day 11. Ten lactose positive colonies were isolated from faecal swabs and tested for antimicrobial resistance to 11 antimicrobials using the disk diffusion method. Zones of inhibition were grouped using cluster analysis and clusters were ordered by increasing multiple resistance. A cumulative logistic regression model using generalized estimating equations was used to assess factors associated with increasing levels of multiple resistance. Immediately post-treatment, all isolates obtained from treated cattle belonged to multiple resistant clusters containing chloramphenicol resistance. Though less pronounced in later sampling, resistance to chloramphenicol and other antimicrobials persisted. Antimicrobial treatment, sampling time and animal source, as well as interactions between these variables, were important predictors of the odds of E. coli belonging to a more resistant cluster. A very clear but transitory shift to increasingly multiple resistant faecal E. coli in response to florfenicol treatment was observed. There was no indication of horizontal transfer of resistant E. coli between steers. Level of resistance was influenced by complex interaction of animal source and previous management.antimicrobial resistance / food animal / florfenicol / Escherichia coli

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the effect of a single dose florfenicol treatment in feedlot cattle on the antimicrobial resistance patterns in faecal Escherichia coli

2005

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“…The therapeutic, prophylactic and metaphylactic use of antimicrobials is common practice in modern foodanimal husbandry [1][2][3]. Concerns have grown that this widespread use of antimicrobial drugs may lead to an increase in antimicrobial resistance in numerous bacteria potentially affecting public health [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliandEnterococcus faecalisin housed laying-hen flocks in Europe

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to determine the potential association between housing type and multiple drug resistance (MDR) in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolates recovered from 283 laying-hen flocks. In each flock, a cloacal swab from four hens was collected and produced 1102 E. coli and 792 E. faecalis isolates. Broth microdilution was used to test susceptibility to antimicrobials. Country and housing type interacted differently with the MDR levels of both species. In the E. coli model, housing in a raised-floor system was associated with an increased risk of MDR compared to the conventional battery system [odds ratio (OR) 2·12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·13-3·97)]. In the E. faecalis model the MDR levels were lower in free-range systems than in conventional battery cages (OR 0·51, 95% CI 0·27-0·94). In Belgium, ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates were more numerous than in the other countries. SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to determine the potential association between housing type and multiple drug resistance (MDR) in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolates recovered from 283 laying-hen flocks. In each flock, a cloacal swab from four hens was collected and produced 1102 E. coli and 792 E. faecalis isolates. Broth microdilution was used to test susceptibility to antimicrobials. Country and housing type interacted differently with the MDR levels of both species. In the E. coli model, housing in a raised-floor system was associated with an increased risk of MDR compared to the conventional battery system [odds ratio (OR) 2 . 12, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1 . 13-3 . 97)]. In the E. faecalis model the MDR levels were lower in free-range systems than in conventional battery cages (OR 0 . 51,. In Belgium, ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates were more numerous than in the other countries.

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“…Bivariate and multivariate probit models (Agga et al, 2014(Agga et al, , 2015 for multivariate analysis of multiple binary outcomes, and multivariate linear regression model for multiple quantitative outcomes (Agga et al, 2015) were previously applied for the analysis of AMR data. Other multivariate approaches (Agga, 2013) that were used for the analysis of AMR data include cluster analysis (Berge et al, 2003;Alali et al, 2010), factor analysis (Wagner et al, 2003) and more recently Bayesian networks (Ludwig et al, 2013;Ward and Lewis, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of generalized ordered logistic regression for the analysis of multidrug resistance data

Agga

Scott

2015

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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a b s t r a c tStatistical analysis of antimicrobial resistance data largely focuses on individual antimicrobial's binary outcome (susceptible or resistant). However, bacteria are becoming increasingly multidrug resistant (MDR). Statistical analysis of MDR data is mostly descriptive often with tabular or graphical presentations. Here we report the applicability of generalized ordinal logistic regression model for the analysis of MDR data. A total of 1,152 Escherichia coli, isolated from the feces of weaned pigs experimentally supplemented with chlortetracycline (CTC) and copper, were tested for susceptibilities against 15 antimicrobials and were binary classified into resistant or susceptible. The 15 antimicrobial agents tested were grouped into eight different antimicrobial classes. We defined MDR as the number of antimicrobial classes to which E. coli isolates were resistant ranging from 0 to 8. Proportionality of the odds assumption of the ordinal logistic regression model was violated only for the effect of treatment period (pre-treatment, during-treatment and post-treatment); but not for the effect of CTC or copper supplementation. Subsequently, a partially constrained generalized ordinal logistic model was built that allows for the effect of treatment period to vary while constraining the effects of treatment (CTC and copper supplementation) to be constant across the levels of MDR classes. Copper (Proportional Odds Ratio [Prop OR] = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.73-1.47) and CTC (Prop OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.78-1.56) supplementation were not significantly associated with the level of MDR adjusted for the effect of treatment period. MDR generally declined over the trial period. In conclusion, generalized ordered logistic regression can be used for the analysis of ordinal data such as MDR data when the proportionality assumptions for ordered logistic regression are violated.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Assessing antibiotic resistance in fecal Escherichia coli in young calves using cluster analysis techniques

Cited by 49 publications

References 21 publications

Assessing the effect of a single dose florfenicol treatment in feedlot cattle on the antimicrobial resistance patterns in faecal Escherichia coli

Assessing the effect of a single dose florfenicol treatment in feedlot cattle on the antimicrobial resistance patterns in faecal Escherichia coli

Antimicrobial resistance ofEscherichia coliandEnterococcus faecalisin housed laying-hen flocks in Europe

Use of generalized ordered logistic regression for the analysis of multidrug resistance data

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