Assessing Aerobic Biodegradability of Plastics in Aqueous Environment by GC-Analyzing Composition of Equilibrium Gaseous Phase

Dřímal, Pavel; Hrnčiřík, Josef; Hoffmann, Jaromír

doi:10.1007/s10924-006-0024-5

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Other low molecular weight metabolites such as alcohols, aldehydes, methane, and fatty acids, among others, can be tested by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. 38 Finally, residual polymers and their oligomers have been analysed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) to monitor changes in molecular weight and distribution. 39…”

Section: Methods Of Biodegradability Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the determination of biodegradability, one of the most important parameters is the carbon dioxide release caused by the consumption of polymeric materials by microorganisms. Other low molecular weight metabolites such as alcohols, aldehydes, methane, and fatty acids, among others, can be tested by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry 38 . Finally, residual polymers and their oligomers have been analysed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) to monitor changes in molecular weight and distribution 39 …”

Section: Methods Of Biodegradability Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradable polymers: A review about biodegradation and its implications and applications

2022

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Plastic waste pollution is a global environmental problem that could be solved by biodegradable materials. In addition, its biodegradability has been important for medical applications. In this way, the biodegradability performance has been investigated for different materials under diversified environmental conditions. In this context, this review shows the main up-to-date biodegradable polymers (from renewable sources and fossil-based), their structure and properties, and their biodegradability characteristics. Also, this review shows the effect of polymer properties and environmental conditions on biodegradability, methods of biodegradability and toxicity determination, modification processes to enhance biodegradability, and main applications of biodegradable polymers for agriculture, medical, and packaging. Finally, this review presents a discussion of the implications of biodegradation on the environment, the current context, and future perspectives of plastic biodegradation.

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Section: Methods Of Biodegradability Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Biodegradability Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable polymers: A review about biodegradation and its implications and applications

2022

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“…where m t is the number of the moles of CO 2 in the system at time t. In the closed loop it is assumed that the CO 2 in the liquid phase is in equilibrium with the gas phase, similar to equation 3.8 (Dřímal et al, 2006):…”

Section: Theory For the Closed Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ Measured In The Gas Phase As An Indicator Of Biofilm Metabolism

Kroukamp¹

2022

Preprint

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The behaviour of microorganisms in biofilms is uniquely dependent on their location within the biofilm-matrix and the dynamic interplay between the countless microenvironments that is in constant flux because of physiochemical and inter-cell exchanges. To study microorganisms in the biofilm environment, the above mentioned heterogeneity forces any researcher to either focus on micro-niches (whose data may or may not be suitable for extrapolation to infer information about the whole) or stand back and study a global biofilm parameter (as a sum-total of micro-behaviours but losing information about the diversity). Either way, the positional dependence of behaviour arguably favours in situ studies with the least amount of disruption whether physical or the addition of chemicals. A simple technology was developed to measure in situ biofilm CO₂ production as an indication of overall metabolism, in real-time and non-destructively. The first system developed was a carbon dioxide evolution measurement system (CEMS) with biofilms growing on the inside of a CO₂ and O₂permeable silicone tube with quantification of microbially produced CO₂transferred across the tube wall could. The concept of measuring biofilm CO₂was subsequently expanded to accommodate any biofilm reactor by measuring CO₂in the reactor effluent. By monitoring CO₂the advantage is that aerobic and anaerobic metabolism can be tracked with an combination of microbial community members with varying growth conditions such as temperature and nutrient composition. It furthermore allows the setup of carbon balance over a reactor system to address fundamental biofilm aspects such as percentages of inflowing nutrients used for respiration or quantification of "missing" carbon fractions. The ability to measure metabolism in real-time provides insight into both steady state and transient biofilm responses to changes in their environment while the non-destructive nature of the technique gives the opportunity to determine the possibility of adaptive behaviour in the same biofilm after repeated exposure. Practical applicability of these measurement systems has been demonstrated in a wide range of biofilm related phenomena such as the areas of biofilm architecture, biofilm development and biofilm resilience after physical and antimicrobial attacks.

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“…CH4 and CO2 production were determined by gas chromatography (Agilent GC 7890A equipped with a PORAPAK Q column and TCD detector, Santa Clara, USA; with helium as a carrier gas at 50 mL/min, Tinjector = 200 °C, Towen = 50 °C, Tdet = 220 °C) and expressed as the amount of carbon in the form methane produced per gram of carbon introduced m(CH4), the calculation were based on the ideal gas state equation (Drimal et al 2006;Hubáčková et al 2013). The concentrations of CH4 and CO2 were derived from the calibration curve obtained using the calibration gas mixture with certified composition (0.8% CO2, 4% CH4, 95.2% N2, Linde 2016).…”

Section: Production Of Methane and Carbon Dioxide During Anaerobic DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of the Inhibition Effect of Model Compounds Representing Plant Biomass Degradation Products on Methane Production

et al. 2017

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During the steam explosion pretreatment of plant biomass, degradation products are generated, and some of these have inhibitory activity against biogas production. The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify the effect of selected model inhibitory compounds on methane production. The results showed no significant inhibition of methane production by furfural at concentrations below 1 g/L. In addition, the microbial community was able to restore biogas production inhibited by this compound after a certain time. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was evaluated as a more potent inhibitor, with a significant effect above 0.2 g/L. Both compounds were more effective inhibitors with cellulose as the carbon substrate, probably reflecting higher sensitivity of the cellulolytic step in biogas production. No significant inhibition was observed for the phenolic compounds tested, gallic and tannic acids, at concentrations of up to 2 g/L. Thus, the compounds investigated should not represent a problem for the biogas production involving steam explosion preprocessed plant biomass.

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Assessing Aerobic Biodegradability of Plastics in Aqueous Environment by GC-Analyzing Composition of Equilibrium Gaseous Phase

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Biodegradable polymers: A review about biodegradation and its implications and applications

Biodegradable polymers: A review about biodegradation and its implications and applications

CO₂ Measured In The Gas Phase As An Indicator Of Biofilm Metabolism

Quantitation of the Inhibition Effect of Model Compounds Representing Plant Biomass Degradation Products on Methane Production

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