Assessing adherence to and usability of Experience Sampling Method (ESM) and actigraph in patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder: A mixed-method study

Zarbo, Cristina; Agosta, Sara; Casiraghi, Letizia; Novellis, Antonio De; Leuci, Emanuela; Paulillo, Giuseppina; Rocchetti, Matteo; Starace, Fabrizio; Zamparini, Manuel; Girolamo, Giovanni de

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114675

Cited by 10 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The study outcomes underscore that using the app reduced schizophrenia symptoms. DiAPAson 111 No N/A − + − Zarbo et al 2022 111 The DiAPAson intervention includes the Actigraph device and the DiAPAson app that administers an ESM questionnaire. The study outcomes indicate that the participants with schizophrenia had reduced adherence to the intervention compared to the control group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility and availability of smartphone apps for schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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App-based interventions have the potential to enhance access to and quality of care for patients with schizophrenia. However, less is known about the current state of schizophrenia apps in research and how those translate to publicly available apps. This study, therefore, aimed to review schizophrenia apps offered on marketplaces and research literature with a focus on accessibility and availability. A search of recent reviews, gray literature, PubMed, and Google Scholar was conducted in August 2022. A search of the U.S. Apple App Store and Google Play App Store was conducted in July 2022. All eligible studies and apps were systematically screened/reviewed. The academic research search produced 264 results; 60 eligible studies were identified. 51.7% of research apps were built on psychosis-specific platforms and 48.3% of research apps were built on non-specific platforms. 83.3% of research apps offered monitoring functionalities. Only nine apps, two designed on psychosis-specific platforms and seven on non-specific platforms were easily accessible. The search of app marketplaces uncovered 537 apps; only six eligible marketplace apps were identified. 83.3% of marketplace apps only offered psychoeducation. All marketplace apps lacked frequent updates with the average time since last update 1121 days. There are few clinically relevant apps accessible to patients on the commercial marketplaces. While research efforts are expanding, many research apps are unavailable today. Better translation of apps from research to the marketplace and a focus on sustainable interventions are important targets for the field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility and availability of smartphone apps for schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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“…Standardised clinical measures were used to collect clinical data to minimise methodological biases (see section "Measures"). The ecological monitoring was preceded by a briefing session in which the RA gave instructions about the procedures and how to effectively perform them, and was followed by a debriefing section in which the same RA collected information on study acceptability and feasibility 25. During the debriefing session, outpatients and healthy controls received €25 for travel expense reimbursement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological monitoring of physical activity, emotions and daily life activities in schizophrenia: the DiAPAson study

Zarbo,

Rota,

Calza

et al. 2023

BMJ Ment Health

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BackgroundSchizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) compromise psychosocial functioning, including daily time use, emotional expression and physical activity (PA).ObjectiveWe performed a cohort study aimed at investigating: (1) the differences in PA, daily activities and emotions between patients with SSD and healthy controls (HC); (2) the strength of the association between these variables and clinical features among patients with SSD.MethodsNinety-nine patients with SSD (53 residential patients, 46 outpatients) and 111 matched HC were assessed for several clinical variables, and levels of functioning by means of standardised clinical measures. Self-reported daily activities and emotions were assessed with a smartphone application for ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and PA levels were assessed with a wearable accelerometer for 7 consecutive days.FindingsPatients with SSD, especially those living in residential facilities, spent more time being sedentary, and self-reported more sedentary and self-care activities, experiencing higher levels of negative emotions compared with HC. Moreover, higher functioning levels among patients were associated with more time spent in moderate-to-vigorous activity.ConclusionsSedentary behaviour and negative emotions are particularly critical among patients with SSD and are associated with more impaired clinical outcomes.Clinical implicationsMobile-EMA and wearable sensors are useful for monitoring the daily life of patients with SSD and the level of PA. This population needs to be targeted with specific rehabilitative programmes aimed at improving their commitment to structured daily activities.

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“…RFs provide support and supervision for individuals with high needs, severe psychopathology, and low functioning, who may have difficulty managing their symptoms and daily activities on their own ( de Girolamo et al, 2022 ; Martinelli, Iozzino, et al, 2022 ; Martinelli, Killaspy, et al, 2022 ; Ministero della Salute, 2022 ). The DiAPAson project ( Mayeli et al, 2023 ; Oliva et al, 2023 ; Zarbo et al, 2022 , 2023 ) included 20 DMHs and 17 RFs located in different regions of Italy. DMHs recruited both outpatients and residents, while RFs only residents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data of the general population examined in this study come from the fourth and fifth waves of the ‘Monitoring Knowledge, risk perceptions, preventative behaviours and trust to inform pandemic outbreak response’ project ( Caserotti et al, 2022 ). As part of this broader data collection effort, coordinated by the WHO Regional Office for Europe ( Bikbov et al, 2022 ; Caserotti et al, 2022 ; de Girolamo et al, 2022 ; Zarbo et al, 2022 ) the 142-item WHO questionnaire was administered to 5,002 Italian citizens aged 18 to 70 in May 2021 and March 2022. The sample was stratified by gender, age (18–34 years, 35–44 years, 45–54 years, 55–70 years), geographical area (Northwest, Northeast, Center, South, and Islands), population of place of residence (above and below 100,000 inhabitants), education level (up to lower middle school, beyond lower middle school) and employment (employed, not employed) to achieve national representativeness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the DiAPAson study recruitment, we conducted a 5-wave survey on the psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 ( Bikbov et al, 2022 ; Caserotti et al, 2022 ; de Girolamo et al, 2022 ; Zarbo et al, 2022 ) pandemic in the Italian general population. In the last two waves, we administered the P-Scale to compare scores between individuals with SSD and a matched sample from the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positivity, daily time use, mood, and functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results from the diapason multicentric study

Martinelli,

Moncalieri,

Zamparini

et al. 2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Positivity (POS) indicates the proclivity to see life and experiences in a positive light. There is limited research on its effects on individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD). Very little is known about the relationship between POS and daily activities in people with SSD. Aim: The study aims to compare the POS rated by patients with SSD with those obtained in an Italian normative sample matched by age and sex and to use the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to investigate the association between POS and daily time use (i.e. productive activities, leisure activities), functioning and mood in individuals with SSD. Method: 620 SSD patients were recruited from mental health services in Italy as part of the DiAPAson project. POS, symptom severity, functioning, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed. POS scores were compared to a normative sample of 5,002 Italian citizens. Additionally, a subset of 102 patients underwent 7-day assessments using mobile EMA. Results: People with SSD did not significantly differ from the Italian normative sample in POS levels (0.035, p = .190). POS showed a significant inverse association with support network (−0.586, p = .036) and symptomatology (BPRS −0.101; 95% p < .001; BNSS B = −0.113, p < .001). A significant direct association was found between POS and QoL ( B = 0.310, p < .001) and functioning ( B = 0.058, p < .001). In the subsample using EMA, POS ratings showed significant associations with Positive Emotions ( B = 0.167, p < .001) and Negative Emotions ( B = −0.201, p < .001). Conclusion: People with SSD exhibited comparable levels of POS to the normative sample. Higher POS was linked to better functioning, QoL, fewer severe symptoms, and increased positive emotions. However, it did not relate to increased productivity or engagement in leisure activities. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between POS and time use in individuals with SSD.

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Assessing adherence to and usability of Experience Sampling Method (ESM) and actigraph in patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder: A mixed-method study

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Accessibility and availability of smartphone apps for schizophrenia

Accessibility and availability of smartphone apps for schizophrenia

Ecological monitoring of physical activity, emotions and daily life activities in schizophrenia: the DiAPAson study

Positivity, daily time use, mood, and functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results from the diapason multicentric study

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