Asserting the right to play – women's football in Denmark

Brus, Anne Birgitte; Trangbæk, Else

doi:10.1080/14660970512331390855

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…With regard to football, conversely, women and gender have been studied extensively. Much of the literature focuses on histories of resilience and repression (Brus and Trangbaek, 2003;Cox and Pringle, 2012;Cox and Thompson, 2003;McGowan and Downes, 2018;Williams, 2003Williams, , 2006, the increasing professionalisation of the women's game and the consequences (Allison, 2016(Allison, , 2018Dunn and Welford, 2017;Williams, 2013;Woodhouse et al, 2019) and on sexism and misogyny within football structures (Caudwell, 2017;Knijnik, 2012;Scraton et al, 1999;Woodward, 2017). Because this article studies how gender discourses are used in the bid books, the primary focus of analysis is on the ways in which gender is mobilised as part of the bidding nations' rhetorical sales pitches.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilising gender equality: A discourse analysis of bids to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™

Desjardins

2021

International Review for the Sociology of Sport

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After an exciting bidding process featuring competing submissions from Brazil, Colombia and Japan, Australia and New Zealand were chosen to co-host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™. Using feminist discourse analysis to examine the narrative strategies employed by the bidding nations, this article demonstrates that bidding nations discursively mobilised themes of gender equality to position their bids favourably. They did so by asserting themselves as leaders in women’s sport and gender equality, and by emphasising strategies for growing women’s football. Bidding nations situate themselves as benevolent rescuers of struggling women’s sport without acknowledging their accountability for policies and practices that disenfranchised women’s football in the first place. This article argues that the mobilisation of gender equality discourses by bidding nations problematically uses neoliberal feminist logics, stripping pro-women messages such as equal opportunity and empowerment of political context and repackaging them in commercially viable ways. Ultimately, although bidding nations use discourses of gender equality to position themselves favourably, existing levels of gender inequality reveal the limits of their positioning.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilising gender equality: A discourse analysis of bids to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™

Desjardins

2021

International Review for the Sociology of Sport

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“…In 1970, women's football was officially recognised by the West German Football Association due to the fear of losing control over the women's football movement (Pfister 2003). In 1972, there were Title IV in the United States (Markovits and Hellerman 2003); the Norwegian Council for Equal Rights in 1972 (Fasting 2003); the integration of women's football by the Danish and Swedish Football Associations, following the success of BK Femina founded in 1959 and the foundation of the Danish Women's Football Union in 1963 in the first case (Brus and Trangbaek 2003), local initiatives from 1965, maybe inspired by Denmark in the second case (Hjelm and Olofsson 2003); the merger between the Italian Women's Football Federation founded in 1968 and the Italian Female Football Sports Federation founded in 1970, the latter having welcomed 10 clubs abandoning the former and the merger leading to the United Women's Football Sports Federation (Matteucci 2012).…”

Section: Historical Policies and Politics Of Gender Equality And Women's Football Across Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy, political and economic determinants of the evolution of competitive balance in the FIFA women’s football World Cups

Scelles

2021

International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics

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Competitive balance is a key concept in sports economics. It postulates the necessity of sporting equilibrium between playing strengths to generate outcome uncertainty and thus fan demand. When looking at national teams, policy and political factors can help explain competitive balance. This article is interested in the evolution of competitive balance in the FIFA women's football World Cups over the 1991-2019 period. It aims to identify the policy, political and economic determinants of this evolution. The theoretical framework brings together the macro and sports policy factors leading to international sporting success, the historical policies and politics of gender equality and women's football impacting participation, and the economics and politics of the evolution of competitive balance that is positively impacted by an increase in participation. The research adopts a mixed methods approach, with the data relying both on sources documenting the historical policies and politics of gender equality and women's football, and the measurement and determinants of the competitive balance in the women's football World Cups. The results show that competitive balance has increased over time, consistent with the idea that the growing participation internationally translates in a better quality of the different playing strengths that, ultimately, leads to a better competitive balance. This growing participation internationally is related to the different (sport) policies and politics across countries, and the decisions made by FIFA, in particular the number of teams taking part in the competition and the breakdown per confederation as incentives for national associations to develop their women's football team.

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“…The history of sport provides many examples of negative implications of the lack of such recognition. The struggle for women's soccer (Brus & Trangbæk, ; Fasting, ; Pfister, ) and ski jumping are perhaps the most familiar ones . To the early pioneers of women's’ sport in general and women's ski jumping in particular, inclusion in the sport was not to be.…”

Section: Recognizing Rights and Development Of Self‐respectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jumping for recognition: Women's ski jumping viewed as a struggle for rights

Andersen

Loland

2016

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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With the campaign for women's participation in international and Olympic ski jumping as a practical case, sport's potential for recognition of individual rights is explored. In line with Honneth's influential ethical theory, recognition of rights refers to a mutual recognition between persons of each other as rational and responsible agents with an equal right to take part in the public formation and development of their community or practice. The argument is that women ski jumpers were entitled to compete as they had actual and/or potential capabilities and skills to contribute in the public formation and development of their sport. Their exclusion was a violation of individual rights. At a more general level, sport is discussed as a sphere for recognition of rights. It is argued that the basic principles of equal opportunity to take part and to perform make sport a particularly clear and potent sphere for such recognition, and also for the identification of rights violations. In sport, rights, or the violation of rights, are demonstrated in concrete and embodied ways. It is concluded that struggles for recognition and individual rights are a continuous process in sport as in most other human institutions and practices.

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Asserting the right to play – women's football in Denmark

Cited by 20 publications

References 1 publication

Mobilising gender equality: A discourse analysis of bids to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™

Mobilising gender equality: A discourse analysis of bids to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™

Policy, political and economic determinants of the evolution of competitive balance in the FIFA women’s football World Cups

Jumping for recognition: Women's ski jumping viewed as a struggle for rights

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