Aspirin and gastrointestinal bleeding

Salter, R. H.

doi:10.1007/bf02239210

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It is well known that aspirin causes damage to the gastric mucosa which can lead to bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract (Smith, 1966;Salter, 1968). Systemic as well as local effects have been suggested as a possible mode of action of the drug (Smith, 1966).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronmicroscopic observations on the effects of orally administered aspirin and aspirin-bicarbonate mixtures on the development of gastric mucosal damage in the rat.

Rainsford¹

1975

Gut

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SUMMARYThe effects of administering a single dose of (200 mg to 50 mg/kg body weight) aspirin or an equimolar mixture of aspirin (200 mg/kg body wt) with sodium bicarbonate on the fine structure of the rat gastric mucosa were investigated in order to establish the role of particles of the drug in the development of gastric damage. The sequence of cellular events involved in the development of a lesion and the influence of short-term starvation were also investigated. Aspirin-bicarbonate solutions produced much less damage in starved rats than aspirin suspensions given at low (50 mg/kg body weight) or high therapeutic doses (200 mg/kg body weight). Also, when non-starved rats were given 200 mg/kg aspirin, only slight damage was observed. The presence of particles of the drug in intimate contact with the mucosa is thus important in the development of gastric damage. A sequence of events with time involving direct physical exfoliation of mucosal cells and selective structural damage to parietal cells followed by structural damage indicative of a disturbance to oxidative and biosynthetic functions in cells near the developing erosion was observed. The implications of these results on the development of aspirin-induced lesions are discussed.

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confidence: 99%

Electronmicroscopic observations on the effects of orally administered aspirin and aspirin-bicarbonate mixtures on the development of gastric mucosal damage in the rat.

Rainsford¹

1975

Gut

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“…It is a well-known fact that aspirin, which is commonly used as an antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, induces gastric lesions (1,2,3). Okabe and his colleagues previously reported that L-glutamine was remarkably effective in suppressing the develop ment of the gastric lesions induced by aspirin (4), suggesting that L-glutarnine may pre vent a back diffusion of gastric acid, as reported by Davenport (5).…”

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confidence: 93%

Influence of L-Glutamine on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Lesions and Absorption as Well as Antipyretic, Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Effects of Aspirin in Rats and Mice

Tanaka

Kiyohara

Orima

et al. 1974

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Abstract-L-glutamine markedly suppressed the development of the gastric lesions induced by aspirin in pylorus-ligated rats. In non-ligated normal rats, aspirin was absorbed rapidly after administration and was maintained in the blood in high salicy late concentration thereafter.When aspirin was administered in combination with L glutamine, the absorption of aspirin was at nearly the same level as when aspirin had been given alone. In pylorus-ligated rats, administration of aspirin was followed by slow increment in blood salicylate concentration.Blood salicylate level in these rats was higher when aspirin was administered in combination with L-glutamine than when it had been given alone. Combined administration of aspirin and L-glutamine produced little influence on the antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin in non-ligated normal rats.It is a well-known fact that aspirin, which is commonly used as an antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, induces gastric lesions (1, 2, 3). Okabe and his colleagues previously reported that L-glutamine was remarkably effective in suppressing the develop ment of the gastric lesions induced by aspirin (4), suggesting that L-glutarnine may pre vent a back diffusion of gastric acid, as reported by Davenport (5).In the present study, an attempt was made to confirm the effect of L-glutamine on aspirin-induced gastric lesions as well as the influence of combined aspirin and L-gluta mine on absorption and pharmacological actions of aspirin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Effect of L-glutamine on aspirin induced gastric lesionsGastric lesions were produced in male Wistar strain rats (180-220g) according to the method by Okabe et al. (4). Rats were kept in individual cages and were deprived of food but water was allowed ad libitrun for 24 hr, after which they were anesthetized with ether and the pylorus of each was ligated (6). The animals were administered ei ther aspirin (100 mg/kg) alone or aspirin plus L-glutamine (1,000 mg/kg) suspended in

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“…The effects may be acute or chronic (Table 1). (Salter, 1968;Lanza, Royer & Nelson, 1975 (Wolf, 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects may be acute or chronic (Table 1). (2) Chronic Chronic gastric ulcer The gastric erosions produced by aspirin have been known since 1938 and a large number of observations have been documented (Salter, 1968;Lanza, Royer & Nelson, 1975). These erosions usually heal completely in several days.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal toxicity of minor analgesics.

Jm¹

1980

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The evidence for the risk of gastric erosions from aspirin is fragmentary. 2 Occult gastric bleeding following aspirin is poorly studied and the skewed distribution is unexplained; platelet factors may be relevant. 3 Overt gastric bleeding may follow aspirin; the risk is probably about one episode per two million doses. 4 There is epidemiological, clinical, experimental and histopathological evidence for an association between chronic aspirin use and chronic gastric ulcer. 5 An alternative to the Davenport hypothesis is proposed to explain the gastric action of aspirin and the non‐steroidal anti‐ inflammatory agents. 6 Paracetamol is probably bland in its gastric actions.

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Aspirin and gastrointestinal bleeding

Cited by 32 publications

References 55 publications

Electronmicroscopic observations on the effects of orally administered aspirin and aspirin-bicarbonate mixtures on the development of gastric mucosal damage in the rat.

Electronmicroscopic observations on the effects of orally administered aspirin and aspirin-bicarbonate mixtures on the development of gastric mucosal damage in the rat.

Influence of L-Glutamine on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Lesions and Absorption as Well as Antipyretic, Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Effects of Aspirin in Rats and Mice

Gastrointestinal toxicity of minor analgesics.

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