Aspermia and Recovery of Spermatogenesis in Cancer Patients Following Incidental Gonadal Irradiation during Treatment: A Progress Report

Hahn, Eric; Feingold, Stephen M.; Nisce, Lourdes Z.

doi:10.1148/119.1.223

Cited by 66 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The absence of a demonstrable azoospermic condition within the cauda epididymidis is con¬ trary to previous reports on the effects of radiation (Bruce et al, 1974;Hahn et al, 1976;Wyrobek et al, 1980). This may be the result of inappropriate definitions since an oligospermic condition must exceed the 50% fluctuation in sperm number that normally characterizes the cauda.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Hypotheses about its cause range from induced mutations to chromosomal aberrations and even DNA loss (Pinkel et al, 1983). In view of the fact that human males undergoing radiation therapy are also prone to develop the same symptoms (Hahn et al, 1976;Wyrobek et al, 1980), the investigation of the dynamics behind these malformations is of considerable practical importance. Previous reports have indicated that the peak elevation in abnormally shaped spermatozoa occurs at 5 weeks after the initial exposure and coincides with the concurrent development of an oligospermic condition (Bruce et ai, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of X-irradiation on the kinetics of abnormal sperm production and sperm loss in the mouse

Pogany¹

1987

Reproduction

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Summary. Exposure of male mice to 6 Gy of X-rays resulted in a very rapid and extensive sloughing of the germinal epithelium as shown by the accumulation of nonsperm cells within the lumen of the epididymis. These cells were identified as stage 1 and 2 round spermatids. After accumulating in the caput, they progressed through the epididymis over the weeks of sampling and, by Week 9 after irradiation, they had completely disappeared from the organ. It is suggested that the precocious loss of round spermatids is responsible for the induction of oligospermy within the testis and the caput epididymidis. Similar sperm losses from the cauda epididymidis were not observed.Radiation also enhanced the frequency of misshapen spermatozoa normally found in this strain. From kinetic considerations, it is suggested that the generation of abnormal spermatozoa may be biphasic with an early component comprising maturing spermatids and a late contingent composed of affected spermatocytes. Return to the pre-irradiation level of abnormal frequency was not observed within the time frame of this study (10 weeks), perhaps indicating residual damage.The synchrony that existed among the various organs in terms of both sperm loss and the generation of abnormal spermatozoa may be the result of a rapid dispersion of gametes from the testis and not due to local responses as would be expected if sperm flow were affected by the irradiation.The distribution of abnormal sperm types was different in the testis from that in the epididymis, presumably because of a testicular spermatophagic mechanism specific for the removal of certain deformities. It is concluded that the kinetics of spermatogenesis, of spermiogenesis, and of sperm transport in the mouse is not affected by exposure to 6 Gy of X-rays.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of X-irradiation on the kinetics of abnormal sperm production and sperm loss in the mouse

Pogany¹

1987

Reproduction

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“…The threshold doses inducing temporary or permanent damages to Sertoli or Leydig cells are not defined for preoperative RT of rectal cancer. Historical studies in men irradiated for Hodgkin's lymphoma and testicular seminoma report a high risk of permanent azoospermia if TD exceeds 1.2-1.4 Gy during a fractionated RT regimen [19,20]. The radiation tolerance of Leydig cells seems to be higher but a negative impact on Leydig cell function has to be expected in selected individuals treated with multimodal therapy for rectal cancer [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of testicular dose during preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer

et al. 2015

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Background: Radiotherapy (RT) for rectal cancer can have adverse effects on testicular function resulting in azoospermia and low testosterone levels. Variability of testicular dose (TD) due to differences in position of testes has been assessed with scrotal dosimeters and resulted in substantial variability of delivered TD. The aim of this study was to estimate planned and delivered TD using a treatment planning system (TPS). Methods: In 101 men treated with RT for rectal cancer the cumulative mean TD (mTD) was calculated by TPS based on plan-computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the effect of different predictors on planned TD. The delivered TD was estimated by TPS based on repeated cone-beam CTs in 32 of 101 men to assess within-person variability of planned and delivered TD in a longitudinal analysis. Results: The median planned mTD for short course RT was 0.57 Gy (range 0.06-14.37 Gy) and 0.81 Gy (range 0.36-10.80 Gy) for long course RT. The median planned mTD was similar to the median delivered mTD in the 32 men analysed over the entire course of RT (p¼0.84). The mTD did not change significantly over time of planning and delivering RT. The variation in proximity between testes and planning target volume (PTV) was related to within-person variability of mTD in men on the 50th and 75th percentile of mTD and as expected the absolute difference between planned and delivered mTD increased with higher mTD. Conclusion: Testicular doses calculated based on plan-CT are an accurate estimation of delivered TD based on repeated cone beam (CB)CT. The within-person variability of TD is related to variation in proximity between testes and PTV in men with moderate to high TD.

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“…Фракционированное облучение в дозах до 1 Гр вызывает снижение концентрации сперматозоидов на 1-2 года, дозы от 1 до 3 Гр приводят к азооспермии у большинства мужчин [46]. Тотальное облучение тела перед трансплантацией костного мозга вызывает азо-оспермию у 80-90 % мужчин [47] …”

Section: гонадотоксичность противоопухолевой терапии у подростковunclassified

Prevention of male infertility in the treatment of tumors. Problems and solutions

Алексеевич¹,

Novichkova²,

Румянцев³

2016

Ross. ž. det. gematol. onkol.

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Aspermia and Recovery of Spermatogenesis in Cancer Patients Following Incidental Gonadal Irradiation during Treatment: A Progress Report

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of X-irradiation on the kinetics of abnormal sperm production and sperm loss in the mouse

Effects of X-irradiation on the kinetics of abnormal sperm production and sperm loss in the mouse

Assessment of testicular dose during preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer

Prevention of male infertility in the treatment of tumors. Problems and solutions

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