Aspergillus terreus: Taxonomy, biology, and bioactive secondary metabolites with potential applications

Ashtekar, Nikhil; Anand, G.; Prakash, Peralam Yegneswaran; Rajeshkumar, Kunhiraman C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821005-5.00015-6

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Aspergillus is ubiquitous in feed and can cause aspergillosis in avian species or humans [ 44 ]. Although it can be a source of dietary mycotoxins with a detrimental effect on poultry health and performance [ 37 ], Aspergillus also produces beneficial metabolites such as lovastatin, terreulactones, 11-α hydroprogesterone, quadrone, and terpeptin [ 45 ]. The potential of Aspergillus for disease resistance in poultry warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perturbations of the ileal mycobiota by necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

Liu

Robinson

Whitmore

et al. 2021

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Intestinal microbiota is critical for maintaining animal health and homeostasis. However, involvement of the fungal community, also known as the mycobiota, in animal health and disease is poorly understood. This study was aimed to examine the association between the intestinal mycobiota and the severity of necrotic enteritis (NE), an economically significant poultry disease. Methods A total of 90 day-of-hatch Cobb broilers were infected with Eimeria maxima on d 10, followed by an oral challenge with C. perfringens on d 14 to induce NE, while another 10 broilers were served as mock-infected controls. On d 17, the lesions in the jejunum were scored, and the ileal digesta were subjected to DNA isolation and real-time PCR quantification of total bacterial and fungi populations. Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) amplicon sequencing was also performed to profile the ileal mycobiota composition. Changes in the ileal mycobiota in response to NE were investigated. Spearman correlation analysis was further conducted to identify the correlations between relative abundances of individual ileal fungi and the severity of NE. Results While the total bacterial population in the ileum was increased by 2- to 3-fold in NE chickens, the total fungal population was progressively declined in more exacerbated NE, with the most severely infected chickens showing a nearly 50-fold reduction relative to mock-infected controls. Richness of the ileal mycobiota also tended to reduce in chickens with NE (P = 0.06). Compositionally, among 30 most abundant fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), 11 were diminished and 7 were enriched (P < 0.05), while 12 remained largely unchanged in NE-afflicted chickens (P > 0.05). Multiple Wallemia and Aspergillus species were markedly diminished in NE (P < 0.05) and also showed a significant negative correlation with NE severity (P < 0.05). Conclusions Dysbiosis of the ileal mycobiota is induced evidently by NE and the extent of the dysbiosis is positively correlated with disease severity. These findings suggest a possible role of the intestinal mycobiota in NE pathogenesis and highlight the mycobiota as a new potential target for NE mitigation in poultry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perturbations of the ileal mycobiota by necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

Liu

Robinson

Whitmore

et al. 2021

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Marine-derived isolates of Aspergillus section Terrei are well known for the production of structurally diverse and biologically active natural products. One of the economically significant species in the Aspergillus section Terrei is A. terreus that is involved in the synthesis of numerous secondary metabolites that are crucial to the food, fermentation, and pharmaceutical industries (Ashtekar et al 2021). Although A. terreus is a common fungus found in tropical and subtropical areas, it may also be found in harsh climatic environment, such as severe habitats with high salinity, high alkalinity, high temperatures, as well as drought and other circumstances (Feng et al 2019;Zaman et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Indonesian Sponge-Associated Marine Aspergillus hortai: Characterization of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Anti-Escherichia coli Properties

Fadillah,

Sukarno,

Iswantini

et al. 2024

HAYATI J Biosci

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Sponge-associated marine fungi are potential source for secondary metabolite compounds. The aim of this research was to investigate sponge-associated marine fungus as secondary metabolite producers against Escherichia coli. The fungus was isolated from Indonesian marine sponge Stylissa sp. and identified as Aspergillus hortai through a combination of morphological and molecular characteristics of ITS DNA and β-tubulin genes. The fungus was tested against E. coli using fungal broth and mycelial extracts. The optimized condition was achieved by fungal broth grown in corn meal broth at 6-days of shaking incubation. Fungal extract was produced using three liters of filtered fungal broth and extracted in ethyl acetate. The antibiotic activity of the extract is vulnerable to 45°C heat and basic or acidic conditions. Therefore, the extraction was done at pH 7 with evaporation at 40°C. The extract shows 7 major bands on TLC with 1 band shows activity against E. coli (Rf 0.81) on bioautogram. The band was observed as a yellow color and turned black in short-wave UV and did not show any fluorescence in long-wave UV. This research shows that sponge-associated marine fungi obtained from Indonesia has the potential as anti E. coli worth to be explored for searching new antibiotics.

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