Aspergillus alliaceus infection fatally shifts Orobanche hormones and phenolic metabolism

Aybeke, Mehmet

doi:10.1007/s42770-020-00283-4

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Evidence shows that the phenol profile of the host changes upon encountering infection and the host could start accumulating different phenols than the uninfected counterpart. The overall concentration of phenols might not always increase in the host and an inadequate response may lead to a reduced accumulation of total phenols (Aybeke, 2020 ). During the current study, reduced phenols concentration in the infected weed seedlings was linked with reduced radical scavenging activity leaving the weed unprotected against the uncontrolled production of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum GW controlling weed and an effective biostimulant for wheat growth

et al. 2022

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Wheat crop has to compete with several weeds including Avena fatua, a noxious weed that alone is responsible for 30–70% losses in the yield annually. Because of the environmental concerns associated with conventional methods, researchers are on a continuous hunt to find clean alternatives in order to manage weeds. Fungi have shown promising weedicide potential in lab studies. The current study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from wheat plants which can promote wheat growth and inhibit the growth of common weed, A. fatua. Of several isolates, GW (grayish white) was selected for its promising features, and the strain was identified as Fusarium oxisporum through ITS sequencing technique. This fungus released a number of compounds including Isovitexin, Calycosin, quercetagetin, and dihydroxy-dimethoxyisoflavone that inhibited the growth of A. fatua but did not influence the growth of wheat seedlings. Biomass of this fungus in the soil also reduced growth parameters of the weed and promoted the growth of wheat. For instance, the vigor index of A. fatua seedlings was reduced to only 6% of the control by this endophyte. In contrast, endophyte-associated wheat seedlings showed a higher vigor index than the control. Behind this differential response of the two plants were their contrasting physiological and biochemical status. Lower growth phenotypes of A. fatua seedlings had reduced levels of IAA, GAs, and SA and higher the levels of JA and ABA. Besides, their ROS scavenging ability was also compromised as evident from relatively lower activities of catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbic acid oxidase, as well as higher accumulation of ROS in their leaves. Wheat seedlings response to GW was opposite to the A. fatua. It may be concluded that F. oxysporum GW has the ability to differentially modulate physiology and biochemistry of the two hosts leading to contrasting phenotypic responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum GW controlling weed and an effective biostimulant for wheat growth

et al. 2022

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“…are common soil lamentous fungi, often considered bene cial to plants in many ways, especially through auxin phytohormones and antimicrobial metabolites production or P-solubilization capabilities [108,109]. In addition, an Aspergillus species, A. alliaceus, has also been proposed as a biocontrol agent against broomrapes [29]. As for the other ASVs, Fusarium domesticum has been identi ed as a foodborne rather than a soilborne fungus [110].…”

Section: Characterization Of Key Groups Involved In General Parasitis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26,27]. In addition, F. oxysporum and Aspergillus alliaceus have also been shown to induce lethal impacts through changes in broomrape hormone and phenolic substance levels [28,29]. Other fungal strategies rely on disrupting the ow of signaling molecules required for host recognition, such as the universal GSs of broomrape species, strigolactones [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of two neighboring conducive and suppressive soils towards plant parasitism caused by Phelipanche ramosa L. Pomel on Brassica napus L.

Martinez

Pouvreau

Jestin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background In western France, rapeseed farmers face significant yield losses due to root parasitism caused by Phelipanche ramosa, a holoparasite plant of the Orobanchaceae family. Recently, a reduction of parasitic plant development has been observed in fields with history of severe infestation. In a same given pedoclimatic environment, this so-called soil-suppression of parasitism might presumably result from microbial mechanisms targeting P. ramosa. We tested this hypothesis on two soils from neighboring rapeseed fields, with similar physicochemical properties but contrasted parasitism, characterized as suppressive and conducive. We assessed these soils in a hydroponic co-cultivation system of P. ramosa and B. napus, and simultaneously sampled rhizosphere exudates weekly, as well as rhizosphere and rapeseed roots at three time points along parasite development. Comparisons were thus drawn between conducive and suppressive soils, both in untreated or gamma-sterilized conditions, regarding the effects of soil derived signaling metabolites on broomrape key early parasitic stages (i.e. germination and pre-haustorium development), late parasite development as well as soil bacterial and fungal structures. Results We demonstrate that the suppressive soil mitigates broomrape parasitism by reducing both parasite attachments and development, while causing tubercle necrosis. Activity assays on initial soils as well as co-cultivation rhizosphere exudates reveal that pre-attachment stages of broomrape are not affected by suppression. Root exudates, either they were collected from plants cultivated on suppressive or conducive soils, exerted similar contribution on the induction of broomrape seed germination and on haustoria formation. Thus, attachment and post-attachment stages are more likely to be suppressed by soil microbiota. Given the observed dissimilarities in microbial composition between the soils, we suggest that rather than bacteria, fungi play a greater part in parasitism suppression. Because suppression is not correlated with fungal diversity during co-cultivation, we suspect that in addition to general microbial interactions, specific groups of fungi participate in parasitism reduction. Further correlation network analyses (WGCNA) propose that three clusters of ASVs are indeed correlated with suppressive parasitic traits by their abundance. In these clusters, 7 ASVs are inversely correlated with parasitic attachment and one is positively correlated with the occurrence of necrotic tubercles, while being more abundant in the suppressive soil (DEseq2). These 7 ASVs are from Nectriaceae, Niessliaceae, Bartaliniaceae, Holtermanniaceae families as well as from Helotiales and Pleosporales orders, while the last ASV is identified as a Berkeleyomyces sp., a necrotrophic fungal genus known as a causal agent of black root rot. Conclusion This study explains the observed contrasted parasite development on two physiochemically similar soils by linking parasitic infestation to fungal dynamics in the rhizosphere. This finding extends our knowledge of disease suppressive soils to plant parasitism and proposes biological leads for potential biocontrol of broomrape.

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“…One strategy that could be useful for broomrape control is the application of soil microorganisms to suppress seed germination, lengthen germ tubes and severely necrotize the plant's early developmental stages. Different genera of fungi have been isolated and identified for their destructive effect on parasitic weeds, including species of Aspergillus (Aybeke, 2020) and Fusarium (Dor et al., 2009; Dor & Hershenhorn, 2009; Ghannam et al., 2007; Kakhaki et al., 2017). Their pathogenic or destructive activity is based on necrotizing tubercles, reducing the growth of the shoots and inhibiting seed germination by producing fusaric acid or trichothecenes as mycotoxins (Gibot‐Leclerc et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium fujikuroi as a potential biocontrol agent of the parasitic weed Phelipanche aegyptiaca in tomato

Cignitas,

Basbagci,

Sulu

et al. 2024

Journal of Phytopathology

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Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Pers.) Pomel, commonly known as Egyptian broomrape, is an obligate root parasite, infesting solanaceous crops mainly in Mediterranean countries. Certain antagonistic fungi could be effectively used as a biocontrol agent for this parasitic plant. In this study, three fungal isolates (F1, F2 and F3) were obtained from P. aegyptiaca seeds covered with mycelium. The isolates were characterized based on morphological features and ITS and TEF sequence analysis. They were classified as belonging to Fusarium fujikuroi with a sequence similarity of 99.80% and 100%, respectively. The pathogenicity of the isolates on P. aegyptiaca and tomato were determined. In a P. aegyptiaca seed assay, all isolates allowed seed germination with delayed radicle development. Disease severity among the isolates ranged from 40%–70% on the basis of radicle necrotic area. The F1 isolate caused more than 40% disease on the spiders and tubercles in a polyethylene bag assay. The average of the total of spider and tubercle mortality caused by the F1 isolate was 63.5% at 9 days after inoculation. Moreover, the F1 isolate was considered non‐pathogen on tomato with 6.66% disease severity after root inoculation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. fujikuroi on P. aegyptiaca seed. Pending further development, the F1 isolate could have potential for the biocontrol of P. aegyptiaca in the future.

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Aspergillus alliaceus infection fatally shifts Orobanche hormones and phenolic metabolism

Cited by 6 publications

References 68 publications

Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum GW controlling weed and an effective biostimulant for wheat growth

Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum GW controlling weed and an effective biostimulant for wheat growth

Comparative analysis of two neighboring conducive and suppressive soils towards plant parasitism caused by Phelipanche ramosa L. Pomel on Brassica napus L.

Fusarium fujikuroi as a potential biocontrol agent of the parasitic weed Phelipanche aegyptiaca in tomato

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