Asperger Syndrome and Autism: A Comparative Longitudinal Follow-Up Study More than 5 Years after Original Diagnosis

Cederlund, Mats; Hagberg, Bibbi; Billstedt, Eva; Gillberg, I. Carina; Gillberg, Christopher

doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0364-6

Cited by 266 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…10,11 Lower cognitive and language functioning have been associated with lower rates of employment. 2,12 Some studies have found that 12% to 24% of youth are not engaged in any productive activities in young adulthood. 2,9 A total lack of participation in the years after high school has been associated with poorer behavioral outcomes, especially among youth with low incomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postsecondary Education and Employment Among Youth With an Autism Spectrum Disorder

Shattuck¹,

Narendorf²,

Cooper³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

785

519

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Previous research has identified low rates of employment and postsecondary education for youth with autism, but generalizability has been limited by small samples. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Using national data, the authors of this study found that youth with autism are at high risk for no postsecondary education or employment, especially in the first 2 years after high school. Findings highlight the need for improved transition planning. abstract OBJECTIVES: We examined the prevalence and correlates of postsecondary education and employment among youth with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD).METHODS: Data were from a nationally representative survey of parents, guardians, and young adults with an ASD. Participation in postsecondary employment, college, or vocational education and lack of participation in any of these activities were examined. Rates were compared with those of youth in 3 other eligibility categories: speech/ language impairment, learning disability, and mental retardation. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of each outcome. RESULTS:For youth with an ASD, 34.7% had attended college and 55.1% had held paid employment during the first 6 years after high school. More than 50% of youth who had left high school in the past 2 years had no participation in employment or education. Youth with an ASD had the lowest rates of participation in employment and the highest rates of no participation compared with youth in other disability categories. Higher income and higher functional ability were associated with higher adjusted odds of participation in postsecondary employment and education. CONCLUSIONS:Youth with an ASD have poor postsecondary employment and education outcomes, especially in the first 2 years after high school. Those from lower-income families and those with greater functional impairments are at heightened risk for poor outcomes. Further research is needed to understand how transition planning before high school exit can facilitate a better connection to productive postsecondary activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postsecondary Education and Employment Among Youth With an Autism Spectrum Disorder

Shattuck¹,

Narendorf²,

Cooper³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

785

519

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, many studies were not examining unbiased populations of people with ASD (eg a consecutive sample of people diagnosed with ASD in a geographical area), nor unbiased populations in police stations, courts or prisons (the exceptions being studies 3, 4, 9, 10). In addition, the finding from Allen et al (2008) that almost half of the people with ASD who had offended in their participant group did not receive CJS disposals must be taken into consideration when considering the results of studies, as it is unlikely that results found in convicted populations, such as in prison and forensic hospitals, are representative of all the people with ASD who have engaged in behaviour that could be construed as offending (Cederlund et al, 2008, also found in their follow-up study that some of their participants with Asperger Syndrome had had contact with the police but it is unclear whether they had been convicted).…”

Section: Summary Of Findings and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Criminal Justice System

King

Murphy

2014

J Autism Dev Disord

187

151

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This paper provides a systemic review of the available literature on people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the criminal justice system (CJS). The review considers two main types of study: those that examined the prevalence of people with ASD in the CJS and those where the prevalence of offending is examined in populations with ASD. In addition, types of offences in people with ASD, co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses, and characteristics of people with ASD who commit offences (including predisposing factors) are considered. A combination of search terms was used in a variety of databases in order to find all of the available literature on this topic, and research studies were included based on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was found that whilst there is an emerging literature on this topic, there are a wide variety of methodologies used, making direct comparison between studies difficult. Nevertheless it can be concluded so far that people with ASD do not seem to be disproportionately over-represented in the CJS, though they commit a range of crimes and seem to have a number of predisposing features. There is poor evidence of the presence of comorbid psychiatric diagnoses (except in mental health settings) amongst offenders with ASD, and little evidence of the oft-asserted overrepresentation of certain kinds of crimes. It is recommended that further research of good quality is required in this area, rather than studies that examine populations that are not representative of all those with ASD.-1

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“…However, such studies as have singled out adults with high functioning ASD and presented data specifically related to their employment experiences have tended to show poor outcomes for this group. These include low rates of independent employment; jobs that are not commensurate with the individual's ability levels; and difficulty maintaining jobs (Howlin, Mawhood, & Rutter 2000;Romoser 2000;Howlin et al 2004;Hurlbutt & Chalmers 2004;Cederlund et al 2008;Stuart-Hamilton et al 2009;. In addition, it appears that many adults with high functioning ASD are not receiving the supports at work that they need in order to perform their jobs well (Beardon & Edmonds 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment Activities and Experiences of Adults with High-Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Disorder

Baldwin

Costley

Warren

2014

J Autism Dev Disord

295

208

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk 1 Employment activities and experiences of adults with high-functioning autism and Asperger's disorder Abstract There is limited large-scale empirical research into the working lives of adults who have an autism spectrum disorder with no co-occurring intellectual disability. Drawing on data from a national survey, this report describes the employment activities and experiences of 130 adults with Asperger's Disorder (AD) and high functioning autism (HFA) in Australia. Outcome measures include current occupation; occupational skill level and alignment with educational attainment; type of job contract; hours of work; support received to find work; support received in the workplace; and positive and negative experiences of employment. The findings confirm and expand upon existing evidence that adults with AD and HFA, despite their capacity and willingness to work, face significant disadvantages in the labour market and a lack of understanding and support in employment settings.

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Asperger Syndrome and Autism: A Comparative Longitudinal Follow-Up Study More than 5 Years after Original Diagnosis

Cited by 266 publications

References 44 publications

Postsecondary Education and Employment Among Youth With an Autism Spectrum Disorder

Postsecondary Education and Employment Among Youth With an Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Systematic Review of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Criminal Justice System

Employment Activities and Experiences of Adults with High-Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Disorder

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