Aspects of statistical design for the community intervention trial for smoking cessation (COMMIT)

Gail, Mitchell H.; Byar, David P.; Pechacek, Terry F.; Corle, Donald K.

doi:10.1016/0197-2456(92)90026-v

Cited by 133 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Note that the definition of "group" is broad, allowing the target population to differ in nature and size, usually depending on how the intervention can be delivered most practically. Examples of GRTs include the National Cancer Institute's Working Well Trial (group = work site) (47), their 5-A-Day Program (group = work site) (27), the Hutchinson Smoking Prevention Project (group = school district) (40), the National Cancer Institute's COMMIT project (group = community) (23), and the Kaiser Family Foundation's Community Health Promotion Grants Program (group = community) (49).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Statistical Issues in Group Randomized Trials

Feng

Diehr

Peterson

et al. 2001

Annu. Rev. Public Health

135

115

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Key Words correlated data, generalized estimating equations (GEE), generalized linear mixed models (GLMM), permutation tests, matched design s Abstract Group randomized trials (GRTs) in public health research typically use a small number of randomized groups with a relatively large number of participants per group. Two fundamental features characterize GRTs: a positive correlation of outcomes within a group, and the small number of groups. Appropriate consideration of these fundamental features is essential for design and analysis. This paper presents the fundamental features of GRTs and the importance of considering these features in design and analysis. It also reviews and contrasts the main analytic methods proposed for GRTs, emphasizing the assumptions required to make these methods valid and efficient. Also discussed are various design issues, along with guidelines for choosing among them. A real data example illustrates these issues and methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Statistical Issues in Group Randomized Trials

Feng

Diehr

Peterson

et al. 2001

Annu. Rev. Public Health

135

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6-month abstinence rate, 3-month abstinence rate), will be evaluated by group permutation-based methods (Lehman, 1975;Edgington, 1987;Gail et al, 1992). The permutation method of analysis acknowledges the intraclass correlation within individuals in the same school by permuting school, as opposed to individual, among a set of all possible intervention assignments, to calculate the test statistics and form a null distribution.…”

Section: Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing challenges in adolescent smoking cessation: Design and baseline characteristics of the HS Group-Randomized trial

Liu

Peterson

Kealey

et al. 2007

Preventive Medicine

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Objective-Well-documented challenges have hampered both intervention development and research in teen smoking cessation. Addressing these challenges, the Hutchinson Study of High School Smoking (HS Study), the largest group-randomized trial in adolescent smoking cessation to date, incorporates several design innovations to investigate the effect of a counselor-initiated, individually tailored telephone counseling smoking cessation intervention for older adolescents. This paper presents and discusses these innovative design features, and baseline findings on the resulting study population.Method-The trial used a population-based survey to proactively identify and recruit all high school juniors who had smoked in the past month-potentially expanding intervention reach to all smokers, even those who smoked less than daily and those not motivated to quit. For ethical and intervention reasons, some nonsmokers were enrolled in the intervention, also. Other important design features included the random allocation of schools into experimental conditions (intervention vs. nointervention control) and a multi-wave design.Results & Conclusion-The design innovations address problems and challenges identified in adolescent smoking cessation literature. The heterogeneous baseline characteristics of the study population, well-balanced between the two arms, have three significant implications: They (1) demonstrate the effectiveness of the trial's design features, (2) highlight several intervention-related issues, and (3) provide assurance that the trial's evaluation of intervention effectiveness will be unbiased.

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“…Overall the prevalence of smoking declined slightly (but nonsignificantly) more in the interven tion communities (3.5 percentage points) than in the comparison communities (3.2 percentage points) (COMMIT Research Group 1995b). The quality and statistical power of the overall trial design (Gail et al 1992) make it unlikely that any true intervention effects were missed. The COMMIT intervention pro tocol sought to apply the most effective smoking ces sation strategies as defined by the published literature (Lichtenstein et al 1990(Lichtenstein et al -1991COMMIT Research Group 1991).…”

Section: Reducing Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…COMMIT focused solely on smok ing cessation and built on the initial experience in the ongoing trials to prevent cardiovascular disease. COM MIT was planned as a randomized community trial with 11 pairs of communities and had adequate statistical power to detect relatively small intervention effects (Gail et al 1992). One community of each pair was randomly allocated to the intervention program, and the other was monitored as a control.…”

Section: Reducing Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Trial of Reduced-Nicotine Standards for Cigarettes

Goldstein

2016

N Engl J Med

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Aspects of statistical design for the community intervention trial for smoking cessation (COMMIT)

Cited by 133 publications

References 32 publications

Selected Statistical Issues in Group Randomized Trials

Selected Statistical Issues in Group Randomized Trials

Addressing challenges in adolescent smoking cessation: Design and baseline characteristics of the HS Group-Randomized trial

Randomized Trial of Reduced-Nicotine Standards for Cigarettes

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