Aspects of particle production in isospin-asymmetric matter

Ferini, G.; Colonna, M.; Gaitanos, T.; Toro, M. Di

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.08.007

Cited by 96 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These show a rather small effect of the symmetry energy for calculations in collisions of finite nuclei. This was in contrast to calculations in infinite nuclear matter, where a large sensitivity was predicted [16]. The reason was seen to be that the asymmetry of the initial system changes rather fast in the collision and thus washes out the effects of the symmetry energy.…”

Section: Meson Productioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…In fact, the ratio of the yields π + /π − depends on the isospin asymmetry of the matter, where they are produced, and consequently also the ratio K 0 /K + . For kaons, in addition, the mean field potential or in-medium effective mass is important for the threshold condition in the near-threshold production [16], as was discussed above in connection with Fig.2. In fact, in this way one may obtain additional information on the still uncertain kaon potential.…”

Section: Meson Productionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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The high-density symmetry energy in heavy ion collisions

Wolter

Prassa

Lalazissis

et al. 2009

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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The nuclear symmetry energy as a function of density is rather poorly constrained theoretically and experimentally both below saturation density, but particularly at high density, where very few relaevant experimental data exist. We discuss observables which could yield information on this question, in particular, proton-neutron flow differences, and the production of pion and kaons in relativistic heavy ion collisions. For the meson production we investigate particularly ratios of the corresponding isospin partners π − /π + and K 0 /K + , where we find that the kaons are an interesting probe to the symmetry energy. In this case we also discuss the influnece of various choices for the kaon potentials or in-medium effective masses.

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Section: Meson Productioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Meson Productionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The high-density symmetry energy in heavy ion collisions

Wolter

Prassa

Lalazissis

et al. 2009

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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“…. It thus provides more opportunities and enhances our confidences to study the symmetry energy although there are still many uncertain factors, such as the effects of pion potential [15,16], the isospin dependence of inmedium nuclear strong interactions [17], the short-range tensor force [18,19] and the π − N − ∆ dynamics [20][21][22].…”

Section: Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect ofΔpotential on theπ−/π+ratio in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies

2015

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Based on the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck(IBUU) transport model, effects of ∆ resonance potential on the free n/p and π − /π + ratios in the central collision of 197 Au + 197 Au at beam energies of 200 and 400 MeV/A are studied. It is found that the effect of ∆ potential on the ratio of pre-equilibrium free n/p is invisible. The effect of ∆ isovector potential on the kinetic energy integrating ratio of π − /π + may be observable only at lower incident beam energies and with stiffer symmetry energy. The strength of the ∆ isoscalar potential affects the height of the π − /π + ratio around the Coulomb peak but does not affect the kinetic energy integrating ratio of π − /π + . In heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies, relating to the question of non-conservation of energy on ∆ or π productions, one can replace the ∆ potential by nucleon isoscalar potential especially a soft symmetry energy is employed. I. MOTIVATIONSIn recent years, the research of the density dependent symmetry energy is still one of the hot topics in nuclear physics and astrophysics communities. This is simply because the symmetry energy governs many nuclear and astrophysical phenomena, such as the cooling of neutron stars [1], the mass-radius relations of neutron stars [2], the study of Gravitational waves [3], properties of nuclei involved in r-process nucleosynthesis [4], and observables in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies [5,6]. While significant progress has been made in constraining the symmetry energy around saturation density [6][7][8][9], it is rather uncertain at supra-saturation densities. . It thus provides more opportunities and enhances our confidences to study the symmetry energy although there are still many uncertain factors, such as the effects of pion potential [15,16], the isospin dependence of inmedium nuclear strong interactions [17], the short-range tensor force [18,19] and the π − N − ∆ dynamics [20][21][22].It is noted that the sensitivities of the π − /π + ratio to the symmetry energy shown in Ref. [16,20] is quite different from that shown in Ref. [15]. The discrepancies observed among the results of different models may be * Electronic address: yonggaochan@impcas.ac.cn because the latter uses a momentum-dependent nucleon symmetry potential while the previous two studies use a momentum-independent nucleon symmetry potential. The momentum-dependent nucleon symmetry potential could increase the sensitivity of dense neutron to proton ratio (thus the π − /π + ratio) to the symmetry energy [23]. While in this study, we use a modified symmetry potential which including the effects of the short-range correlations of neutron and proton [24]. The short-range correlations of neutron and proton reduce the kinetic symmetry energy, the strength of the modified symmetry potential is thus increased [24]. The effects of such modified symmetry potential on the π − /π + ratio may be also enlarged. In the following studies, we confirmed the above deduction.In Refs. [20][21][22] it is argued that due t...

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“…The collision term includes elastic and inelastic processes involving the production/absorption of the ∆(1232MeV ) and N * (1440MeV ) resonances as well as their decays into pion channels, [ 9].…”

Section: Relativistic Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect is almost absent at equilibrium due to the inverse transitions, see Fig.3 of ref. [ 9]. Moreover in infinite nuclear matter even the fast neutron emission is not present.…”

Section: Isospin Effects On Sub-threshold Kaon Production At Intermedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Ion Collisions at Relativistic Energies: Testing a Nuclear Matter at High Baryon and Isospin Density

et al. 2007

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We show that the phenomenology of isospin effects on heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies (few AGeV range) is extremely rich and can allow a "direct" study of the covariant structure of the isovector interaction in the hadron medium. We work within a relativistic transport frame, beyond a cascade picture, consistently derived from effective Lagrangians, where isospin effects are accounted for in the mean field and collision terms. Rather sensitive observables are proposed from collective flows ("differential" flows) and from pion/kaon production (π − /π + , K 0 /K + yields). For the latter point relevant nonequilibrium effects are stressed. The possibility of the transition to a mixed hadron-quark phase, at high baryon and isospin density, is finally suggested. Some signatures could come from an expected "neutron trapping" effect.

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Aspects of particle production in isospin-asymmetric matter

Cited by 96 publications

References 46 publications

The high-density symmetry energy in heavy ion collisions

The high-density symmetry energy in heavy ion collisions

Effect ofΔpotential on theπ−/π+ratio in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies

Heavy Ion Collisions at Relativistic Energies: Testing a Nuclear Matter at High Baryon and Isospin Density

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