Aspects of fisheries and water resources management in England and Wales

Hughes, Simon; Morley, Sarah A.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2400.2000.00180.x

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Aquatic ecosystems by definition require water (Hughes & Morley, 2000), but the quantity and quality of available water resources can vary spatially and temporally. Recent droughts in Britain demonstrated that freshwater resources are under significant pressure and that currently supplies have to fulfil the demands of multiple end users ( e.g.…”

Section: The Ecological Effects Of Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent droughts in Britain demonstrated that freshwater resources are under significant pressure and that currently supplies have to fulfil the demands of multiple end users ( e.g. agriculture, industry and household supplies) as well as natural ecosystems (Arnell, 1998; Hughes & Morley, 2000). Climate change predictions for Britain and Ireland (Table I) suggest changes in abundance and frequency of precipitation (Hulme et al , 2002), including an increased frequency in droughts, and these changes will undoubtedly affect fishes, both in fresh water and in habitats receiving freshwater discharge, e.g.…”

Section: The Ecological Effects Of Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of climate change for the fishes of the British Isles

Graham

Harrod

2009

Journal of Fish Biology

212

165

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Recent climatic change has been recorded across the globe. Although environmental change is a characteristic feature of life on Earth and has played a major role in the evolution and global distribution of biodiversity, predicted future rates of climatic change, especially in temperature, are such that they will exceed any that has occurred over recent geological time. Climate change is considered as a key threat to biodiversity and to the structure and function of ecosystems that may already be subject to significant anthropogenic stress. The current understanding of climate change and its likely consequences for the fishes of Britain and Ireland and the surrounding seas are reviewed through a series of case studies detailing the likely response of several marine, diadromous and freshwater fishes to climate change. Changes in climate, and in particular, temperature have and will continue to affect fish at all levels of biological organization: cellular, individual, population, species, community and ecosystem, influencing physiological and ecological processes in a number of direct, indirect and complex ways. The response of fishes and of other aquatic taxa will vary according to their tolerances and life stage and are complex and difficult to predict. Fishes may respond directly to climate-change-related shifts in environmental processes or indirectly to other influences, such as community-level interactions with other taxa. However, the ability to adapt to the predicted changes in climate will vary between species and between habitats and there will be winners and losers. In marine habitats, recent changes in fish community structure will continue as fishes shift their distributions relative to their temperature preferences. This may lead to the loss of some economically important cold-adapted species such as Gadus morhua and Clupea harengus from some areas around Britain and Ireland, and the establishment of some new, warm-adapted species. Increased temperatures are likely to favour cool-adapted (e.g. Perca fluviatilis) and warm-adapted freshwater fishes (e.g. roach Rutilus rutilus and other cyprinids) whose distribution and reproductive success may currently be constrained by temperature rather than by cold-adapted species (e.g. salmonids). Species that occur in Britain and Ireland that are at the edge of their distribution will be most affected, both negatively and positively. Populations of conservation importance (e.g.Salvelinus alpinus and Coregonus spp.) may decline irreversibly. However, changes in food-web dynamics and physiological adaptation, for example because of climate change, may obscure or alter predicted responses. The residual inertia in climate systems is such that even a complete cessation in emissions would still leave fishes exposed to continued climate change for at least half a century. Hence, regardless of the success or failure of programmes aimed at curbing climate change, major changes in fish communities can be expected over the next 50 years with a concomitant need to adapt manag...

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Section: The Ecological Effects Of Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Ecological Effects Of Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of climate change for the fishes of the British Isles

Graham

Harrod

2009

Journal of Fish Biology

212

165

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“…This calls for thorough socioeconomic evaluation of inland (especially recreational) fisheries (e.g. Brown and Knuth 1991; Hickley and Aprahamian 2000; Hughes and Morley 2000) to ensure that they are well represented in all development activities concerning freshwater ecosystems (Cowx 1999a, 2002a). The numerous benefits inland fisheries provide to society have to be investigated to make the many intangible benefits of inland fisheries quantifiable and objective.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconciling traditional inland fisheries management and sustainability in industrialized countries, with emphasis on Europe

2002

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In northern industrialized countries, the inland fisheries sector has long been dominated by recreational fisheries, which normally exploit fish for leisure or subsistence and provide many (poorly investigated) benefits to society. Various factors constrain the development and existence of inland fisheries, such as local user conflicts, low social priority and inadequate research and funding. In many cases, however, degradation of the environment and loss of aquatic habitat are the predominant concerns for the sustainability of inland fisheries. The need for concerted effort to prevent and reduce environmental degradation, as well as conservation of freshwater fish and fisheries as renewable common pool resources or entities in their own right is the greatest challenge facing sustainable development of inland waters. In inland fisheries management, the declining quality of the aquatic environment coupled with long‐term inadequate and often inappropriate fisheries management has led to an emphasis on enhancement practices, such as stocking, to mitigate anthropogenic stress. However, this is not always the most appropriate management approach. Therefore, there is an urgent need to alter many traditional inland fisheries management practices and systems to focus on sustainable development. This paper reviews the literature regarding the inputs needed for sustainability of inland fisheries in industrialized countries. To understand better the problems facing sustainable inland fisheries management, the inland fisheries environment, its benefits, negative impacts and constraints, as well as historical management, paradigms, trends and current practices are described. Major philosophical shifts, challenges and promising integrated management approaches are envisaged in a holistic framework. The following are considered key elements for sustainable development of inland fisheries: communication, information dissemination, education, institutional restructuring, marketing outreach, management plans, decision analysis, socioeconomic evaluation and research into the human dimension, in addition to traditional biological and ecological sciences. If these inputs are integrated with traditional fisheries management practices, the prospects for sustainability in the inland fisheries will be enhanced.

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“…The general ecology, land use and water quality have been described extensively (Edwards & Brooker, 1982; Ormerod & Edwards, 1987; Jarvie et al , 2003; Clews & Ormerod, 2009). The temperate climate means that precipitation averages around 912 mm per annum across the catchment, although the precipitation volumes increase towards the north and west (Hughes & Morley, 2000) to 2500 mm per annum (Jarvie et al, 2003; NERC, 2005). Typical annual mean temperatures range from 8 to 11 °C, and the highest monthly means reach ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile salmonid populations in a temperate river system track synoptic trends in climate

Clews

Durance

Vaughan

et al. 2010

Global Change Biology

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. Juvenile salmonid populations in a temperate river system track synoptic trends in climate. Global Change Biology, Wiley, 2010, 16 (12) Widespread decline among Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) over recent decades have been linked to pollution, exploitation and catchment modification, but climate change is increasingly implicated. We used long-term, geographically extensive data from the Welsh River Wye, formerly a major salmon river, to examine whether climatically-mediated effects on juveniles (> 0+) might contribute to population change.Populations of Atlantic salmon and brown trout fell across the Wye catchment respectively by 50% and 67% between 1985 and 2004, but could not be explained by pollution because water quality improved during this time.Stream temperatures, estimated from calibrations against weekly air temperature at 8 sites, increased by 0.5-0.7 °C in summer and 0.7-1.0 °C in winter, with larger tributaries warming more than shaded headwaters. Rates of winter warming were slightly greater after accounting for the effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation (1.1-1.4 °C). However, warming through time was smaller than measured variations among tributaries, and alone was insufficient to explain variations in salmonid density. Instead, population variations were best explained in multi-level mixed models by a synoptic variate representing a trend towards hotter, drier summers, implying interactions between climate warming, varying discharge and fluctuatations in both brown trout and salmon. geographically extensive data from the Welsh River Wye, formerly a major salmon river, 17 to examine whether climatically-mediated effects on juveniles (> 0+) might contribute to 18 population change. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 for the UK suggest that altered summer flow and increasing summer temperatures could 36 exacerbate losses further in these species, and we advocate management actions that 37 combine reduced abstraction with enhanced riparian shading. 38 39

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Aspects of fisheries and water resources management in England and Wales

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Implications of climate change for the fishes of the British Isles

Implications of climate change for the fishes of the British Isles

Reconciling traditional inland fisheries management and sustainability in industrialized countries, with emphasis on Europe

Juvenile salmonid populations in a temperate river system track synoptic trends in climate

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