Aspects of Die Geometry Influencing Drawability of Metals During Wire Drawing: A Literature Review

Abstract

Drawn metal wires such as copper cables, alu minium wires and steel wires have found several applica tions which have an impact on the domestic and commer cial economic uses, namely power cables, welding cables, wire ropes, wire meshes, electrode and filler wire, etc. All these applications require the use of good quality wires. However, this is not easily achieved since wire production faces many challenges. The influence of the drawing die on drawability and the need to maintain the required quality characteristics of the wire stand out among these challenges. This paper gives a background to wire draw ing by highlighting the challenges of attaining the re quired drawability and quality characteristics during wire drawing. It was found from the literature that the draw die geometry has the greatest influence on the quality of copper, aluminium and steel wire products.

The influences of the variable speed and internal die geometry on the performance of two commercial soluble oils in the drawing process of pure copper fine wire

“…It should be noted that many of the previous works consulted are mainly focused on the study of the influence of the geometrical parameters involved in the process [18][19][20][21] and some of them on the objective directed to the optimization of the multi-stage drawing processes in terms of the die geometry and the number of passes to be carried out in the in-line wiredrawing process [22][23][24]. Although some of these works describe the use of emulsions based on soluble oils as a common solution in the wiredrawing process of non-ferrous metals and alloys and implement the friction coefficient (µ) for the process analysis, none of them have defined and experimentally studied their own tribological system in order to determine the best conditions for the best optimization of this key parameter.…”

Co-Cr-Ni-Mo wires for medical applications : processing, mechanical, microstructure and fatigue characterization

“…In the last 30-40 years, several investigations have been performed to study the influence of drawing factors such as reduction angle [22,23], drawing speed [24][25][26], and die geometry [27][28][29] on the mechanical properties of high SFE material wires like copper. However, limited work has been done to examine the influence of drawing parameters on the low SFE materials like MP35N in wire form.…”

“…Cold wire drawing [23,27,30,155] is a metal forming process that imparts severe plastic deformation to the metal by progressive strain hardening. Numerous equations have been proposed to predict drawing force, and many of these calculations involve the use of empirical constants and lengthy calculations [30].…”

“…Often there is a simpler equation to estimate the force that is needed. However, it should be noted that equations based only on homogeneous deformation [23] should not be used alone, as frictional work and redundant deformation [27,30,31,33,35,40,156,157], have a significant effect and will seriously underestimate drawing force if not included [40].…”

“…This research investigates the influence of the cold drawing practices on the mechanical, microtexture, and work hardening behavior in Co-Cr-Ni-Mo wires. Cold wire drawing [23,27,30,155] is a metal forming process that imparts severe plastic deformation to the metal by progressive strain hardening. The mechanics of wire drawing [35] involve a reduction in the cross-section of the material sequentially by passing it through a series of conical dies of different diameters.…”