Aspects of blood physiology and ammonia excretion in Nephrops norvegicus under hypoxia

Hagerman, Lars; Søndergaard, Tina; Weile, K.; Hosie, Deborah; Uglow, R. F.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(90)90721-4

Cited by 62 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Increased circulating haemocyanin levels may result in lobsters as a compensatory mechanism for reduced respiratory function due to parasite-induced gill damage as reported by Wootton et al (2011). Indeed, hypoxia can trigger elevated haemocyanin levels in several crustacean species (Hagerman & Pihl Baden 1988, Hagerman et al 1990). Moreover, in other crustacean species such as the blue crab Callinectes sapidus, injection of the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio campbellii results in haemocytes aggregating in the gill lamellae, thus restricting haemo lymph circulation and oxygen uptake through these narrow channels (Burnett et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of the copepod parasite Nicothoë astaci on haemolymph chemistry of the European lobster Homarus gammarus

Davies¹,

Vogan²,

Rowley³

2015

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The gills of the European lobster Homarus gammarus (L.) are susceptible to parasitization by the copepod Nicothoë astaci, the lobster louse. This copepod feeds on haemolymph of the host and can damage the gills, potentially affecting gaseous exchange capabilities. To investigate the host response to the parasite, haemolymph levels of total protein, haemocyanin, glucose and ammonia were quantified in adult lobsters carrying varying parasite loads. Parasite loads correlated positively with total haemolymph protein and haemocyanin concentrations but not with glucose or ammonia concentrations. The data suggest that lobsters with gills damaged by the feeding activities of N. astaci respond by producing higher levels of haemocyanin, which is both a key defence response and may compensate for their decreased respiratory functioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of the copepod parasite Nicothoë astaci on haemolymph chemistry of the European lobster Homarus gammarus

Davies¹,

Vogan²,

Rowley³

2015

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Common to all these species is an active motile lifestyle, which typically results in much higher metabolic rates and consequently higher TAM production and excretion compared with sessile organisms such as bivalves. However, comparison of typical TAM excretion rates yields comparable values for all groups including bivalves ranging from 0.2 to 2 µmol l −1 TAM h −1 g −1 fresh mass (Bayne and Scullard, 1977;Wright and Wood, 1985;Boucher-Rodoni and Mangold, 1989;Hagerman et al, 1990;Weihrauch et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2014). Yet, the physiology of bivalves differs substantially as they continuously pump large volumes of water through the body cavity in order to take up particulate and dissolved nutrients from the environment.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Tam Excretion In Bivalvesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Ammonia excretion in mytilid mussels is facilitated by ciliary beating

Thomsen

Himmerkus

Holland

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The excretion of nitrogenous waste products in the form of ammonia (NH 3 ) and ammonium (NH 4 + ) is a fundamental process in aquatic organisms. For mytilid bivalves, little is known about the mechanisms and sites of excretion. This study investigated the localization and the mechanisms of ammonia excretion in mytilid mussels. An Rh protein was found to be abundantly expressed in the apical cell membrane of the plicate organ, which was previously described as a solely respiratory organ. The Rh protein was also expressed in the gill, although at significantly lower concentrations, but was not detectable in mussel kidney. Furthermore, NH 3 /NH 4 + was not enriched in the urine, suggesting that kidneys are not involved in active NH 3 /NH 4 + excretion. Exposure to elevated seawater pH of 8.5 transiently reduced NH 3 /NH 4 + excretion rates, but they returned to control values following 24 h acclimation. These mussels had increased abundance of V-type H + -ATPase in the apical membranes of plicate organ cells; however, NH 3 /NH 4 + excretion rates were not affected by the V-type H + -ATPase specific inhibitor concanamycin A (100 nmol l −1). In contrast, inhibition of ciliary beating with dopamine and increased seawater viscosity significantly reduced NH 3 excretion rates under control pH (8.0). These results suggest that NH 3 /NH 4 + excretion in mytilid mussels takes place by passive NH 3 diffusion across respiratory epithelia via the Rh protein, facilitated by the water current produced for filter feeding, which prevents accumulation of NH 3 in the boundary layer. This mechanism would be energy efficient for sessile organisms, as they already generate water currents for filter feeding.

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“…As for the gas exchange, during emersion the excretion across gills is reduced leading to an increase of ammonia concentrations in the hemolymph and tissues (Danford et al, 2002). Moreover, the trawling and the emersion events stimulate mechanical exercise and stress for the discarded animals, and these are reflected in a pronounced hyperglycemia caused by the increased glycogen utilization (Taylor & Spicer, 1987;Hagerman et al, 1990;Schmitt & Uglow, 1997). These indicators have been applied to the study of the physiological effects of fishing disturbance on discarded species and, recently, to Liocarcinus depurator (Portunidae) in the Clyde Sea (Bergmann et al, 2001b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catch me in winter! Seasonal variation in air temperature severely enhances physiological stress and mortality of species subjected to sorting operations and discarded during annual fishing activities

et al. 2008

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Several studies have considered the direct and indirect effects of demersal trawling on discarded species in terms of sublethal damages, survival, and stress due to the fishing processes. Nevertheless the effects of air temperature on the physiological stress and the survival of species during sorting operations were only marginally explored. This factor could be particularly important in the context of sustainable fisheries at temperate latitudes where the seasonal variation of air temperature can be particularly pronounced. In this study the seasonal effects of rapido trawling on the non-target species Liocarcinus depurator (Portunidae) in the Northern Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea) have been compared by applying survival tests and considering the unbalance in metabolites' concentration as indicators of physiological stress. Results showed consistently higher mortalities during exposure to air in summer (temperature: 28°C), which reached about 96% in 20 min, compared to winter (temperature: 9°C) when only 2% of individuals died. Furthermore trawled and emersed crabs showed significant increase of hemolymph ammonia, lactate, and glucose concentrations as effects of extreme exercise and suffocation, which was more prominent during summer, suggesting that air temperature can play an important role in determining non-target species survival.

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Aspects of blood physiology and ammonia excretion in Nephrops norvegicus under hypoxia

Cited by 62 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of the copepod parasite Nicothoë astaci on haemolymph chemistry of the European lobster Homarus gammarus

Effect of the copepod parasite Nicothoë astaci on haemolymph chemistry of the European lobster Homarus gammarus

Ammonia excretion in mytilid mussels is facilitated by ciliary beating

Catch me in winter! Seasonal variation in air temperature severely enhances physiological stress and mortality of species subjected to sorting operations and discarded during annual fishing activities

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