Aspectos Fitossociológicos E Indicadores Da Qualidade Do Solo Em Sistemas Agroflorestais

Abstract

Objetivou-se avaliar os atributos florísticos e fitossociológicos, os atributos físicos do solo e os estoques de matéria orgânica e carbono orgânico do solo de cinco sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) da Região Central de Rondônia. Para isso, realizou-se o levantamento florístico para determinação da área basal, riqueza, diversidade e uniformidade das espécies. No processo de amostragem do solo, dividiu-se cada um dos sistemas em quatro quadrantes e coletou-se amostras indeformadas nas profundidades de 0cm a 20cm e 20cm a 40cm para determinação da densidade do solo, macroporosidade, microporosidade e porosidade total; e amostras deformadas nas profundidades de 0cm a 5cm, 5cm a 10cm, 10cm a 20cm e 20cm a 40cm para determinação dos estoques de matéria orgânica e carbono orgânico do solo. Os resultados foram submetidos à correlação de Pearson para verificar interações entre os parâmetros avaliados. Os atributos florísticos e fitossociológicos variaram consideravelmente entre os sistemas agroflorestais e, de modo geral, os diferentes arranjos de SAFs apresentaram atributos físicos próximos ou abaixo dos valores considerados críticos para crescimento radicular. Além disso, notou-se que os SAFs mais adensados e com estrutura do solo favorável ao desenvolvimento das plantas favoreceram maiores quantidades de matéria orgânica e carbono orgânico do solo.Palavras-chave: agroecossistemas, física do solo, estoque de carbono, desenvolvimento rural sustentável. PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS ABSTRACT:This study aimed to analyze floristic and phytosociological attributes, soil physical attributes, and organic matter and soil organic carbon stocks in five agroforestry systems (AFS) in the Central Region of Rondônia. Floristic surveys were carried out to determine basal area, richness, diversity and uniformity of the species. In the soil sampling process, each of the systems were divided into four quadrants, and undisturbed soil core samples were collected at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths to determine soil bulk density, macroporosity, microporosity and total porosity; disturbed soil core samples were collected at 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm depths to determine soil organic matter and carbon organic stocks. Pearson correlation was applied to evaluate significant interactions among the results. Floristic and phytosociological attributes varied considerably between agroforestry systems. In general, the agroecosystems showed soil physical attributes close to or below the values considered critical for root growth. Favorable soil structure and denser arrangements resulted in higher amounts of organic matter and organic carbon in the soil.Keywords: agroecosystems, soil physics, carbon stocks, sustainable rural development.

Influence of Duration of Agroforestry on Physico-Chemical Soil Quality Parameters in Machakos County, Kenya

“…Through root system accumulation and litter fall, agroforestry trees concentrates nutrients near the soil surface (Solanki & Arora, 2015;Bhatt et al, 2017). Trees may also enhance above and below ground microclimate (Desta et al, 2018;Kar et al, 2019), while mesofauna and microfauna and microflora around plant roots may alter soil chemical, biological, and physical properties (Bhaduri et al, 2017;Lenci et al, 2018). improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties and maintain long-term land productivity (Githae et al, 2011;Lagerlöf et al, 2014;Bayala et al, 2018;Corbeels et al, 2019).…”

“…It has also been reported that high levels of phosphorus found in several phosphate fertilizers (e.g. DAP) may increase the concentration of zinc in the soil by interfering with its metabolism in plants and help in the precipitation of zinc in soil (Bhaduri et al, 2017;Lenci et al, 2018;Sarabia et al, 2020).…”

Influence of Drying on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood From Trees Grown in an Agroforestry System

“…Owing to its unique characteristics, wood has been gaining popularity in diff erent scenarios, among them, in civil construction and furniture manufacturing, leading to an increase in the number of planted forests over time (Fontoura et al, 2015). In this context, agroforestry systems (SAFs) are likely a promising alternative, with the plantation of a consortium of both native and exotic tree species for wood production, while also conserving natural resources (Lenci et al, 2018). Accordingly, SAFs are responsible for a number of benefi ts when used for wood production, including an improvement in the constituent characteristics of wood, as well as ecological benefi ts such as reduced soil degradation (Martins et al, 2019), thus reducing the impacts on the surrounding environment.…”