Aspectos da biologia de Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em quatro cultivares dealgodoeiro, em laboratório

Abstract

RESUMOObjetivou-se estudar alguns aspectos biológicos de Aphis gossypii Glover alimentado nas cultivares de algodoeiro Allen, IPEACO-SL 21-61131, JPM 781-88-3 e Auburn SM 310, em experimentos conduzidos a 25 ± 2ºC, 60 ± 10% UR e fotofase de 12 horas, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Fêmeas adultas obtidas após a última ecdise foram individualizadas em discos foliares dessas cultivares durante 24 horas e das ninfas produzidas, uma foi escolhida ao acaso para condução do experimento. Avaliaram-se também a densidade e os tipos de tricomas em cada cultivar. A JPM 781-88-3 permitiu o melhor desenvolvimento do pulgão, com uma produção diária de 4,2 ± 0,1 ninfas/fêmea e um total de 69,2 ± 2,1. Na cultivar IPEACO-SL 22-61131, ocorreram um prolongamento da fase ninfal e redução na fecundidade, com uma média diária de 3,0 ± 0,3 ninfas/fêmea e um total de 54,9 ± 2,2 ninfas/fêmea. A cultivar Auburn SM 310 afetou o ciclo biológico desse afídeo, reduzindo a sua duração em relação às demais cultivares. Com relação aos tipos de tricomas, foram identificadas estruturas não glandulares de formas estreladas e glandulares, com predominância do primeiro tipo. As maiores densidades de tricomas não glandulares foram observadas nas cultivares Allen e IPEACO-SL 21-61131, enquanto os glandulares ocorreram em maior número nas cultivares JPM 781-88-3 e Allen. Na Auburn SM 310, não foi encontrado nenhum tipo de tricoma.Termos para indexação: Algodoeiro, tricoma, pulgão do algodoeiro. ABSTRACTIt was aimed to study some biological aspects of Aphis gossypii Glover fed on cotton cultivars Allen, IPEACO-SL 21-61131, JPM 781-88-3 and Auburn SM 310 in experiments conducted at 25 ± 2 o C, 60 ± 10% of RH and 12-hour photophase in a completely randomized design. Adult females obtained after the last ecdysis were mantained on leaf disks of those cultivars for 24 hours and from the produced nymphs, one was chosen at random for the conduction of the experiment. The density and the sorts of trichomes on each cultivar were evaluated. The cultivar JPM 781-88-3 enabled the best development of the aphid with a daily production of 4.2 ± 0.1 nymphs/female and a total of 69.2 ± 2.1. On the cultivar IPEACO-SL 22-61131, a lenghtening of the nymphal stage and reduced fecundity took place with a daily mean of 3.0 ± 0.3 nymphs/female and a whole of 54.9 ± 2.2 nymphs/female. The cultivar Auburn SM 310 affected the biological cycle of this aphid, reducing its duration. As regards the sorts of trichome, star-shaped non-glandular and glandular structures were identified, with the predominance of the first type. The highest densities of non-glandular trichomes were found on the cultivars Allen and IPEACO-SL 21-61131 while the glandular ones occurred in a greater number on the cultivars JPM 781-88-3 and Allen. On Auburn SM 310 no sort of trichom was found.

Biological aspects of Aphis gossypii Glöver, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on colored lint cotton cultivars

“…These results are similar to those obtained by other researchers who have studied the biology of this aphid in several cotton cultivars under different environmental conditions Nakano 1981;Kersting et al, 1999;Michelotto et al, 2003;Pessoa et al, 2004), in chrysanthemum under different constant temperatures (Soglia et al, 2002;, and in Cucurbitaceae plants (Satar et al, 2005;Leite et al, 2008).…”

“…A shorter duration of the nymphal phase occurred when A. gossypii was reared on the cultivar BRS Verde, while the opposite was found when BRS Safira served as a feed substrate. The value obtained for BRS Safira (5.53 days) and BRS Rubi (5.29 days) differed from the results obtained by Pessoa et al (2004), who found that values ranged from Table 2). The value of the duration of the adult phase found for this substrate is similar to that observed in cotton cultivar NuOpal® (21.83 days) (Funichello et al, 2009).…”

“…A similar result for this biological parameter was obtained by Pessoa et al (2004), who studied this aphid in several cotton cultivars, showing survival values greater than 90%. On the other hand, Du et al (2004) observed survival values of less than 55% in commercial white lint cultivars of cotton.…”

“…Nonetheless, the daily production of nymphs was not affected by the foods that were offered to the aphids (Table 3). However, the daily production of nymphs observed in the cultivars was in excess of that found by Kersting et al (1999) (2.3 nymphs/ day) and Pessoa et al (2004) (3.0 nymphs/day), when they studied the biology of A. gossypii on cotton cultivars on Çukurova (Turkey) and IPEACO-SL (Brazil), respectively.…”

Biological parameters of the non-target pest Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on genetically modified (GM) Bt cotton

“…According to Michelotto and Busoli (2003), the number of offspring produced per female was 84 nymphs in the DeltaOpal cultivar. Pessoa et al (2004) found a total production of aphids between 54 and 69 individuals. Similar values were observed by Funichello et al (2012), who reported an average offspring of 63 for NuOpal and 59 for Deltaopal.…”