ASME/US Bureau of Mines investigative program on vitrification of combustion ash/residue: findings and conclusions

Hollander, Herbert I.; Plumley, A.L.; DeCesare, Roger S.

doi:10.1016/0304-3894(95)00113-1

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To obtain slags achieving the Taiwan's standard of 14.7 MPa (150 kg/cm 2 ) required for recycling resources, the mixing ratio of bottom ash to sludge and that of cullet to sludge needed to be ≥2/1 and 1/1, respectively. Since these slags with the required compressive strength were also in compliance with the TCLP criteria of Taiwan, United States, and Japan, they may be considered as candidate construction materials ( , ). It is also attractive to further extract the slag-retained Cr compounds (e.g., Cr 2 O 3 : a candidate pigment material, or the required material to produce magnesite-chrome (if mixed with MgO), one type of industrial ceramic refractory materials), and Fe oxides (i.e., Fe 3 O 4 , a semiconducting compound for thermistors) (), if separable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitrification processes not only can achieve a large volume reduction of wastes beneficial for long storage or landfill, but also may homogeneously stabilize heavy metals in a vitrified glassy matrix (7). Both slags and ingots can be obtained in the vitrification of bottom ash or hazardous fly ash from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration with/without bottom ash or cullet addition, and they may be utilized as recyclable materials (8)(9)(10)(11). It has been reported that electroplating sludge treated at 1000 °C in N2-O2 plasma with calcinations might obtain ferrite/chromite concentrated in the collected deposits/powders (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vitrification of Chromium Electroplating Sludge

Lee

Huang

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work investigated the vitrification of hazardous electroplating sludge containing 140 mg/g Cr with/without bottom ash or cullet conditioning to lower specimens' basicities to 0.97-1.17 or 0.18-0.23, respectively. The conditioning was found to enhance the smooth/glassy appearance of slags but no ingot was obtained. Cr was >98% retained in the vitrified slags. Cr2O3 dominated in crystalline structure for the slag vitrified from the sludge, but this domination gradually shifted to Fe2SiO4/Fe3O4/SiO2 or SiO2 crystalline with increasing addition of bottom ash or cullet into the sludge, respectively. Compared to the raw sludge, the sludge-vitrified slag displayed lower leaching concentrations for most metals (particularly Cr (2.54 mg/L)), and smaller leaching ratios for Ag, Cr, and Cu (1.35, 0.02, and <0.01%, respectively) but greater ones for Cd, Pb, and Zn (3.83, 2.46, and 0.36%, respectively). The Cr leaching ratios were approximately 0.01% for the slags vitrified from the conditioned sludge. Independent of the slag basicity and crystalline structure, metal leaching quantity increased but leaching ratio decreased with increasing slag metal content. The slag compressive strengths were improved to >14.7 MPa at the mixing ratios > or = 2/1 and 1/1 for bottom ash/sludge and cullet/sludge, respectively. Fulfilling the criteria of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), all the slags were recyclable.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitrification of Chromium Electroplating Sludge

Lee

Huang

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[5][6][7][8] Thermal immobilization processes such * Corresponding author. Email: yshliu@pku.edu.cn as sintering [9,10] or vitrification [11][12][13] have been proposed to convert the fly ash into ceramic-or glass-type materials, respectively. However, these processes seem to be very expensive, moreover, difficulties encountered in the application of these technologies arise from the presence of alkali chlorides and sulphates and other volatile metallic compounds in raw fly ash (RFA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of soluble chloride salts from the wastewater generated during the washing process of municipal solid wastes incineration fly ash

Tang

Erzat

Liu

2014

Environmental Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water washing is widely used as the pretreatment method to treat municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which facilitates the further solidification/stabilization treatment or resource recovery of the fly ash. The wastewater generated during the washing process is a kind of hydrosaline solution, usually containing high concentrations of alkali chlorides and sulphates, which cause serious pollution to environment. However, these salts can be recycled as resources instead of discharge. This paper explored an effective and practical recovery method to separate sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride salts individually from the hydrosaline water. In laboratory experiments, a simulating hydrosaline solution was prepared according to composition of the waste washing water. First, in the three-step evaporation-crystallization process, pure sodium chloride and solid mixture of sodium and potassium chlorides were obtained separately, and the remaining solution contained potassium and calcium chlorides (solution A). And then, the solid mixture was fully dissolved into water (solution B obtained). Finally, ethanol was added into solutions A and B to change the solubility of sodium, potassium, and calcium chlorides within the mixed solvent of water and ethanol. During the ethanol-adding precipitation process, each salt was separated individually, and the purity of the raw production in laboratory experiments reached about 90%. The ethanol can be recycled by distillation and reused as the solvent. Therefore, this technology may bring both environmental and economic benefits.

show abstract

Vitrification of Nonradioactive Toxic and Hazardous Wastes

Donald

2010

Waste Immobilization in Glass and Ceramic Based Hosts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ASME/US Bureau of Mines investigative program on vitrification of combustion ash/residue: findings and conclusions

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Vitrification of Chromium Electroplating Sludge

Vitrification of Chromium Electroplating Sludge

Recovery of soluble chloride salts from the wastewater generated during the washing process of municipal solid wastes incineration fly ash

Vitrification of Nonradioactive Toxic and Hazardous Wastes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About