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Presymptomatic Diagnosis: a First Step Toward Genetic Health Care

“…In these diseases, the mutations are unstable trinucleotide repeats that cause advancing disease in adults and can readily be detected presymptomatically. DNA diagnostic methods are available for some cancers, including retinoblastoma (9), adenoma polyposis coli (10), renal cancer (von Hippel-Lindau disease) (11), and also for adult polycystic kidney disease, which is the most common cause of heritable renal failure and whose risk can be determined genetically in advance of disease detection (12). Dedicated efforts to isolate the gene accounting for a form of breast cancer should broaden the presymptomatic diagnosis of cancer (13).…”

Effect of Seasonal Changes on the Cyclosporine A Blood Levels in Renal Transplant Recipients during Childhood

“…CsA is metabolized by the cytochrome P-450 mixed function oxidase system which is effected by various drugs and substances like steroids and flavonoids [1, 2]. Since all of our patients received the same regimen, drug interactions could not be the cause of variations in blood CsA levels.…”

“…Some natural substances like flavonoids, found in various fruits and vegetables, have been reported to inhibit the cytochrome P-450 oxidase system which is responsible for the major part of the metabolism of cyclosporine A (CsA) [1, 2]. The blood CsA level has been reported to be higher when the drug was administered with juices of flavonoid-containing fruits, especially grapefruit [3].…”