Asianopis gen. nov., a new genus of the spider family Deinopidae from Asia

Lin, Yejie; Shao, Lili; Hänggi, Ambros; Caleb, John T.D.; Koh, Joseph K. H.; Jäger, Peter; Li, Shuqiang

doi:10.3897/zookeys.911.38761

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Phylogenetic data (UCE and UCE + COI datasets) strongly support the monophyly of Menneus, whereas Deinopis and Asianopsis are rendered paraphyletic (Figs.3, 4). These findings contradict the prevailing taxonomic hypothesis of the genus Deinopis (MacLeay 1839), as well as the more recently proposed new genus Asianopis16 . Instead, all analyses support a deep divergence between Western Hemisphere Deinopis and Eastern Hemisphere deinopids (Deinopis + Asianopis), and the UCE and UCE + COI phylogenies support divergence between Menneus and Eastern Hemisphere Deinopis.…”

contrasting

confidence: 87%

“…We obtained COI sequence data for seven species from GenBank for outgroups, following 148 . We included existing deinopid COI data available on DRYAD 149 and Genbank from Lin et al 16 for additional global Deinopis samples and Asianopis samples, respectively. See Supplementary Table S3 for full taxon sample lists, GPS locality information, and Genbank accession numbers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, all analyses support a deep divergence between Western Hemisphere Deinopis and Eastern Hemisphere deinopids (Deinopis + Asianopis), and the UCE and UCE + COI phylogenies support divergence between Menneus and Eastern Hemisphere Deinopis. Recent taxonomic studies have transferred a number of the Asian Deinopis species into Asianopis16,55,56 ; however, Australian and Malagasy Deinopis have yet to be moved into Asianopis. Based on the…”

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confidence: 99%

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Biogeography and eye size evolution of the ogre-faced spiders

Chamberland

Agnarsson

Quayle

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Net-casting spiders (Deinopidae) comprise a charismatic family with an enigmatic evolutionary history. There are 67 described species of deinopids, placed among three genera, Deinopis, Menneus, and Asianopis, that are distributed globally throughout the tropics and subtropics. Deinopis and Asianopis, the ogre-faced spiders, are best known for their giant light-capturing posterior median eyes (PME), whereas Menneus does not have enlarged PMEs. Molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed discordance between morphology and molecular data. We employed a character-rich ultra-conserved element (UCE) dataset and a taxon-rich cytochrome-oxidase I (COI) dataset to reconstruct a genus-level phylogeny of Deinopidae, aiming to investigate the group’s historical biogeography, and examine PME size evolution. Although the phylogenetic results support the monophyly of Menneus and the single reduction of PME size in deinopids, these data also show that Deinopis is not monophyletic. Consequently, we formally transfer 24 Deinopis species to Asianopis; the transfers comprise all of the African, Australian, South Pacific, and a subset of Central American and Mexican species. Following the divergence of Eastern and Western deinopids in the Cretaceous, Deinopis/Asianopis dispersed from Africa, through Asia and into Australia with its biogeographic history reflecting separation of Western Gondwana as well as long-distance dispersal events.

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contrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeography and eye size evolution of the ogre-faced spiders

Chamberland

Agnarsson

Quayle

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The family Deinopidae has 67 species and only three genera: Asianopis Lin & Li, 2020, with 33 described species in Asia, Africa, New Guinea, Australia and Mexico; Menneus Simon, 1876, with 14 species distributed in Africa, Australia and New Caledonia; and Deinopis MacLeay, 1839, present in North and South America and the Caribbean, with 20 described species, nine of which are found in Brazil (World Spider Catalog 2023). The so-called ogre-faced or net-casting spiders of the genus Deinopis are distinguished by remarkably large posterior median eyes and an unusual prey capture strategy.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The Deinopidae modified orb web is typical of the entire family (Coddington & Kuntner 2012; Basumatary et al 2020; Lin et al 2020). Different web characteristics may eventually be found to distinguish the species (e.g., A. subrufa , D. longipes FO Pickard-Cambridge, 1902, D. spinosa Marx, 1889, and D. amica Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1957) or to justify intrageneric groupings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Web construction behavior of Deinopis cf. cylindracea (Deinopidae: Araneae) and its comparison to webs of other Deinopidae

Ponte

Stefani

Villanueva-Bonilla

et al. 2023

The Journal of Arachnology

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Deinopid spiders use highly specialized webs composed of a triangular non-sticky scaffolding (NS scaffolding) containing three radii and a modified orbicular web with a rectangular shape to capture prey. Spiders actively manipulate their webs to capture prey. We describe the web construction behavior of Deinopis cf. cylindracea and compare it and the shape of the sticky silk spiral (SS spiral) of other deinopid species using images in the literature and on the Internet. The web-building behavior in D. cf. cylindracea follows the pattern previously described for other species of Deinopis MacLeay, 1839. Web construction takes approximately 15 min in D. cf. cylindracea and has two stages: NS scaffolding construction and SS spiral construction. The final structure of the SS spiral has four closely spaced capture cords, five placed further apart, three near the top of the web, and two cords on the handles, making a total of 12. Other species of Deinopis have different numbers of cords. Finally, a novel finding is that the youngest spiders do not make webs with sticky lines, but instead use a simplified web to lunge forward, using only their legs to contact prey. To our knowledge, such behavior has never been described in this or any other group.

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