Asia's ‘little divergence’ in the twentieth century: evidence from PPP‐based direct estimates of GDP per capita, 1913–69

Bassino, Jean‐Pascal; Eng, Pierre van der

doi:10.1111/ehr.12880

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, effective policies established to maintain the per capita GDP involve various reforms that can uplift as well as sustain economic development. It is propounded that appropriate amendments in the policies related to capital formation can support the economy (Bassino and van Der Eng, 2020). Strong variation of GDP per capita has also been depicted in the literature to have a dominating impact toward economic bars with the certainty of green finance, which in turn can motivate the economic development grounds.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of green finance and Covid-19 on economic development: capital formation and educational expenditure of ASEAN economies

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Tran

2021

CFRI

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of green finance (i.e. green investment, green security and green credit) along with capital formation and government educational expenditures on the economic development of (ASEAN) countries.Design/methodology/approachThe data were gathered from the central banks of all ASEAN countries and the World Bank Indicators between 2008 and 2019. The fixed-effect model and generalized method of moments were used to check the nexus between the constructs.FindingsThe results revealed that green finance along with capital formation and government educational expenditures have a positive association with the economic development of ASEAN countries.Research limitations/implicationsThe study carries some limitations, even though it addresses the underlying variables comprehensively. These limitations provide opportunities to future researchers and authors to expand the scope and accuracy of their study. This research investigation has been supported by the data collected from a single source. Though data collection is maintained correctly, it is still recommended to the upcoming scholars to acquire data to reconfirm the same findings using multiple data sources. The data collected from using some specific data source may be limited in scope and may hinder the comprehensive elaboration of the underlying variables and their mutual relationship. Therefore, the utilization of multiple sources of data collection gives data sufficient to meet the requirement of an okay quality research study. The study is about the economies of ASEAN countries. It checks the influences of green finance development on economic activities and the country's economic growth in ASEAN countries' economies. Thus, its results are valid only in the economies of these countries, and this research investigation lacks generalizability. For generalizability, the authors must consider the underlying variables in the world's vast economies. They must adopt a standard scale to judge the impacts of green financial development on economic development. Besides, the study analyzes the economic factors, economic conditions and their effects on the country's position in the world economy in the face of a severe epidemic like COVID-19. Thus, the results may be different in the case of the normal situation. So, a general standardized study is recommended to be conducted in the upcoming days.Originality/valueGreen finance has significant capability to improve the global economy, especially amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is beneficial for policymakers to develop policies related to economic development with reference to green finance and also helps future research on a similar topic.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of green finance and Covid-19 on economic development: capital formation and educational expenditure of ASEAN economies

Ngo

Tran

2021

CFRI

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“…The database has been constantly improved, and the most recent version introduced a new measure of real GDP per capita based on multiple comparisons of prices and incomes between countries. Thus, the resulting measure of real GDP per capita can be understood as based on constant prices between countries, which depends on the current reference year This database has been widely used in comparative analyses of the historical evolution of countries as well as to discuss processes of structural change and catching up (Bassino;Van Der Eng, 2020;Gundlach;Paldam, 2019;Rosés;Wolf, 2018; . Zuk;Savelin, 2018;Jones, 2016;Arias;Wen, 2016;Balcerowicz;Rzoń ca, 2015;Heikkinen;Nummela, 2015;Bolt et al, 2018;Fagenberg;Godinho, 2005).…”

Section: Maddison's Per Capita Income Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity systems and middle-income trap: the long-term roots of Latin America underdevelopment

2020

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Our intent is to reinterpret the concept of middle-income trap using the language of the complex system approach to refer to the unpredictability, non-linearity and the enormous range of possible behaviors of economic development in the long-term time series. By redefining the concept of trap in those terms, we propose to shed light on the institutional background of economic development. In order to advance our argument, we conduct a case study of Latin America, a region that has presented an unstable and non-linear economic trajectory across the 20th century. We argue that the combination between the colonial economic legacy and the political fragmentation amid the process of independence shaped the socio-economic structure and institutional capabilities for years to come, restricting the possibilities of overcoming underdevelopment.

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The biological standard of living in Indonesia during the 20th century: Evidence from the age at menarche

Eng

Sohn

2019

Economics & Human Biology

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This paper analyses long-term changes in the mean age at menarche (MAM) as a biological indicator of changes in the standard of living in Indonesia. It finds that MAM was about 15.5 for birth cohorts in the late-19th century, decreasing to 14.5 by the 1930s, at which level it stagnated until the gradual decrease resumed since the early 1960s to around 12.5 in the mid-2000s. The paper considers that long-term improvements in nutrition, educational attainment and health care explain these trends. An international comparison of long-term changes finds that MAM in Indonesia was much lower than in Korea and China until respectively 1970 and 1990, but comparable to Japan until 1950 and to Malaysia until 1930. The paper presents reasons why these differences are unlikely to be related to dissimilarities in climate and ethnicity, and concludes that they are indicative of relative standards of living.

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Asia's ‘little divergence’ in the twentieth century: evidence from PPP‐based direct estimates of GDP per capita, 1913–69

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

The impact of green finance and Covid-19 on economic development: capital formation and educational expenditure of ASEAN economies

The impact of green finance and Covid-19 on economic development: capital formation and educational expenditure of ASEAN economies

Complexity systems and middle-income trap: the long-term roots of Latin America underdevelopment

The biological standard of living in Indonesia during the 20th century: Evidence from the age at menarche

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