Ash Crown Condition and the Incidence of Ash Yellows and Other Insects and Diseases in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Wisconsin

Luley, Christopher J.; Mielke, Manfred E.; Castello, John D.; Carlson, Jason; Appleby, James E.; Hatcher, Robert D.

doi:10.1094/pd-76-1209

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Luley et al (9) reported that 44% of the sampled green ash in natural stands had 11% or more crown dieback, while we found 57% with 10% or more crown dieback in natural stands. Gleason et al (3) found that 65% of the green ash in urban plantings had 10% or more crown dieback (M. L. Gleason, Iowa State University, personal communication), while we found 41% with 10% or more crown dieback in urban plantings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…Luley et al (9) detected AshY phytoplasmas in 49% of 41 green ash plots in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Wisconsin, much lower than the 96% reported here. Gleason et al (3) detected AshY phytoplasmas at all sampled sites and in 16% of more than 300 arbitrarily selected green ash in nine cities in Iowa and Wisconsin, also much lower than the 50% reported here.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…AshY was found as commonly in green ash natural stands as in white ash natural stands in four midwestern states (9) and was found in all sampled sites and 16% of the green ash trees surveyed in community forests in Iowa and Wisconsin (3). Green ash is more tolerant (less growth loss, less crown dieback) than white ash (2,10,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Condition of Green Ash, Incidence of Ash Yellows Phytoplasmas, and Their Association in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Regions of North America

et al. 2000

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About 50% of 1,057 green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) systematically sampled in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain regions had substantial dieback (>10% of crown branches with dieback), and the average growth ring width during the last 20 years was 2.9 mm. The overall condition of the population was rated fair. Ash yellows phytoplasmas were identified at 102 of 106 sites throughout six U.S. states (North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas) and three Canadian provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba). These phytoplasmas had not previously been known in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Wyoming, Colorado, or Kansas. Incidence of phytoplasmal detection ranged from 16% in Wyoming to 71% in South Dakota. Incidence varied in the range 41 to 67% across site types and crown dieback classes. Incidence was highest in rural plantings, in trees with the most crown dieback, and in larger diameter trees. No significant relationships were detected between presence of ash yellows phytoplasmas and radial growth rates of trees.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

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Condition of Green Ash, Incidence of Ash Yellows Phytoplasmas, and Their Association in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Regions of North America

et al. 2000

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“…The results of our studies combined with Sinclair et al' s (1990Sinclair et al' s ( , 1994 observations in Utah indicate that the geographic distribution (Sinclair et al 1990;Luley et al 1992) of the ash decline type diseases should be expanded to include the southwestern United States. Currently, the only ash-decline phytoplasma host species verifiable by PCR is Fraxinus velutina.…”

Section: Phytoplasma Host Range In Arizonasupporting

confidence: 59%

Host Range And Distribution Of The Phytoplasma Causing Arizona Ash Decline

Bricker¹,

Stutz²

2005

AUF

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Ash decline (AD), caused by a phytoplasma, is a progressive dieback disease previously reported in Fraxinus velutina. The host range and distribution of AD is discussed based on samples collected from ash trees sampled from across the state of Arizona, U.S., including both wild-type F. velutina in riparian areas and F. velutina cv. Modesto, F. velutina cv. Rio Grande, and F. uhdei in landscaped areas. The results of the statewide survey indicate that AD is found in native and cultivated ash trees, with F. velutina cv. Modesto exhibiting the highest (100%) level of disease in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Wild-type F. velutina and F. velutina cv. Rio Grande also exhibited AD symptoms but with lower frequency and severity. Fraxinus uhdei did not exhibit symptoms of AD. Phytoplasma infection was detected in all tree types of F. velutina trees using DAPI staining and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) but was not detected in F. uhdei. Higher frequency of phytoplasma infection was detected in tree canopies versus roots in contrast to previous results reported in white ash. PCR was found to be more efficient at detecting the low-titer infection levels typical of F. velutina in comparison to DAPI staining.

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“…Since the 1920s, there has been an overall concern regarding ''ash decline'' (Woodcock et al, 1993;Ward, 1997), with many causal elements identified, but unproven, including ozone air pollution and the vascular disease ''ash yellows'' (Luley et al, 1992;Feeley et al, 2001). For example, ash yellows was detected in only 11 of 145 trees exhibiting external signs of the disease (Feeley et al, 2001).…”

Section: Ash Abundance Vigor and Landscape Population Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and distribution of potential ash tree hosts for emerald ash borer

MacFarlane

Meyer

2005

Forest Ecology and Management

145

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Ash Crown Condition and the Incidence of Ash Yellows and Other Insects and Diseases in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Wisconsin

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Condition of Green Ash, Incidence of Ash Yellows Phytoplasmas, and Their Association in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Regions of North America

Condition of Green Ash, Incidence of Ash Yellows Phytoplasmas, and Their Association in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Regions of North America

Host Range And Distribution Of The Phytoplasma Causing Arizona Ash Decline

Characteristics and distribution of potential ash tree hosts for emerald ash borer

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