Ash and slag qualities of Australian bituminous coals for use in slagging gasifiers

Patterson, Joshua T.; Hurst, H.J.

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(00)00032-6

Cited by 91 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Ash composition, ash yield, and slagging characteristics at various temperatures are important from the perspective of choosing coal for the gasifier [44]. These three parameters play an important role in determining the slag tapping temperature and flux requirements [44].…”

Section: Slag Mobility In Slagging Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Critical Review of Mineral Matter Related Issues during Gasification of Coal in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Flow Gasifiers

Krishnamoorthy

Pisupati

2015

Energies

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Gasification of coal is gaining more popularity due to its clean operation, and its ability to generate products for various markets. However, these technologies are not widely commercialized due to reliability and economic issues. Mineral matter in coal plays an important role in affecting the availability/reliability of a gasifier. Agglomeration in the bed, slag mobility and blockage of the syngas exit section are some of the operations related concerns in fixed-bed gasifiers, while ash deposition and sudden defluidization are the major concerns in fluidized bed gasifiers. In the case of entrained flow gasifiers, syngas cooler fouling and blockage, corrosion and erosion of refractory, and slag mobility are some of the major issues affecting the operations and the reliability of the gasifier. This review is aimed at critically examining various mineral matter related issues contributing to the operation and reliability problems in three types of generic gasifiers (fixed bed, fluidized bed and entrained flow gasifiers). Based on the review, some strategies to counter the potential mineral matter related issues are presented.

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Section: Slag Mobility In Slagging Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These three parameters play an important role in determining the slag tapping temperature and flux requirements [44]. Ashes that generate low viscosity slag at 1673 K under reducing conditions are preferred for this process.…”

Section: Slag Mobility In Slagging Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Mineral Matter Related Issues during Gasification of Coal in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Flow Gasifiers

Krishnamoorthy

Pisupati

2015

Energies

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“…Patterson and Hurst [16] proposed that a silica ratio of 100SiO 2 /(SiO 2 + Fe 2 O 3 + CaO + MgO) < 80 is required for entrained flow gasifiers, if the SiO 2 amount is high, a flux is required for decreasing the ash viscosity, and to minimize the flux amount a SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio of 1.6-2.0 is optimal. Table 4 presents the relations proposed by Patterson and Hurst for the ash from BAL, BI, BS, BA and BRP.…”

Section: Ash Fusibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Peterson and Hurst [16], all bagasse from the stock area of mills (BA, BRP, BI and BS) should be mixed with flux to produce an ash with optimal viscosity for an entrained flow gasifier. It is known that viscosity can only be used as an indication of slag in the gasifier, and that the melting characteristic of ash is generally lower in reducing atmosphere [16][17][18]. Iron is the principal fluxing element that controls ash melting under reducing conditions [17].…”

Section: Ash Fusibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of Brazilian sugarcane bagasse ash behavior under thermal gasification

Fredericci

Ett

Silva

et al. 2014

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

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Background: Ashes from sugarcane were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, ash content, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). FactSage 6.4 database software was used to estimate viscosity at high temperatures (900 -1550°C) of them. Results: The results showed that although ashes from sugarcane bagasse contain silica, most of its SiO 2 is from soil contamination. Higher and lower silica samples treated at 1350°C for 20 minutes showed that the fine portion of fraction of the ashes melted at this temperature. Conclusions: The melting phase could act as sticking flux for the coarse silica particles on the gasifier bottom wall, which could compromise the gasification process.

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“…Patterson and Hurst [64] presented the date for slag viscosity as a function of temperature for different kinds of Australian coal. When necessary they used limestone to lower the liquidus temperature and slag viscosity for optimum operation and slag tapping.…”

Section: Viscosity Of Slagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part II: Constitutive Modeling of Slag

Massoudi

Wang

2013

Energies

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Abstract:The viscosity of slag and the thermal conductivity of ash deposits are among two of the most important constitutive parameters that need to be studied. The accurate formulation or representations of the (transport) properties of coal present a special challenge of modeling efforts in computational fluid dynamics applications. Studies have indicated that slag viscosity must be within a certain range of temperatures for tapping and the membrane wall to be accessible, for example, between 1,300 °C and 1,500 °C, the viscosity is approximately 25 Pa·s. As the operating temperature decreases, the slag cools and solid crystals begin to form. Since slag behaves as a non-linear fluid, we discuss the constitutive modeling of slag and the important parameters that must be studied. We propose a new constitutive model, where the stress tensor not only has a yield stress part, but it also has a viscous part with a shear rate dependency of the viscosity, along with temperature and concentration dependency, while allowing for the possibility of the normal stress effects. In Part I, we reviewed, identify and discuss the key coal ash properties and the operating conditions impacting slag behavior.

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Ash and slag qualities of Australian bituminous coals for use in slagging gasifiers

Cited by 91 publications

References 3 publications

A Critical Review of Mineral Matter Related Issues during Gasification of Coal in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Flow Gasifiers

A Critical Review of Mineral Matter Related Issues during Gasification of Coal in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Flow Gasifiers

An analysis of Brazilian sugarcane bagasse ash behavior under thermal gasification

Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part II: Constitutive Modeling of Slag

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