Ascorbic Acid‐Assisted Synthesis of Mesoporous Sodium Vanadium Phosphate Nanoparticles with Highly sp²‐Coordinated Carbon Coatings as Efficient Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Herein, mesoporous sodium vanadium phosphate nanoparticles with highly sp(2) -coordinated carbon coatings (meso-Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 /C) were successfully synthesized as efficient cathode material for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries by using ascorbic acid as both the reductant and carbon source, followed by calcination at 750 °C in an argon atmosphere. Their crystalline structure, morphology, surface area, chemical composition, carbon nature and amount were systematically explored. Following electrochemical measurements, the resultant meso-Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 /C not only delivered good reversible capacity (98 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1) ) and superior rate capability (63 mAh g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) ) but also exhibited comparable cycling performance (capacity retention: ≈74 % at 450 cycles at 0.4 A g(-1) ). Moreover, the symmetrical sodium-ion full cell with excellent reversibility and cycling stability was also achieved (capacity retention: 92.2 % at 0.1 A g(-1) with 99.5 % coulombic efficiency after 100 cycles). These attributes are ascribed to the distinctive mesostructure for facile sodium-ion insertion/extraction and their continuous sp(2) -coordinated carbon coatings, which facilitate electronic conduction.

An Efficient Evaluation of F-doped Polyanion Cathode Materials with Long Cycle Life for Na-Ion Batteries Applications

“…S6b). This was good agreement with the previously reports 26,30,31 . The binding energy of F 1s was observed at 684.15 eV for NVP-F 0 .…”

Sodium‐Ion Batteries: From Academic Research to Practical Commercialization

“…[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] For example, symmetric Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 //Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 full cells (Figure 3a-c) Figure 3d-f, based on the Cr 3+ /Cr 4+ and Ti 4+ /Ti 3+ redox couples. This symmetric fullcell system delivered an average operating voltage of 2.53 V, and superior rate and cycling performance.…”

Phosphate Framework Electrode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

“…Carbon decoration has been confirmed to be an effect strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of the Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 electrode and many research groups employed different carbon matrixes to prepare high‐performance electrodes 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98. Duan et al synthesized Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 @C core‐shell nanocomposite by hydrothermal assisted sol‐gel method and obtained an initial capacity of 104.3 mAh g −1 at 0.5 C and 94.9 mAh g −1 at 5 C with a remarkable capacity retention of 96.1% after 700 cycles 99.…”