Ascertaining yield and grain protein content stability in wheat genotypes having the Gpc-B1 gene using univariate, multivariate, and correlation analysis

Abstract

The high performance and stability of wheat genotypes for yield, grain protein content (GPC), and other desirable traits are critical for varietal development and food and nutritional security. Likewise, the genotype by environment (G × E) interaction (GEI) should be thoroughly investigated and favorably utilized whenever genotype selection decisions are made. The present study was planned with the following two major objectives: 1) determination of GEI for some advanced wheat genotypes across four locations (Ludhiana, Ballowal, Patiala, and Bathinda) of Punjab, India; and 2) selection of the best genotypes with high GPC and yield in various environments. Different univariate [Eberhart and Ruessll’s models; Perkins and Jinks’ models; Wrike’s Ecovalence; and Francis and Kannenberg’s models], multivariate (AMMI and GGE biplot), and correlation analyses were used to interpret the data from the multi-environmental trial (MET). Consequently, both the univariate and multivariate analyses provided almost similar results regarding the top-performing and stable genotypes. The analysis of variance revealed that variation due to environment, genotype, and GEI was highly significant at the 0.01 and 0.001 levels of significance for all studied traits. The days to flowering, plant height, spikelets per spike, grain per spike, days to maturity, and 1000-grain weight were specifically affected by the environment, whereas yield was mainly affected by the environment and GEI. Genotypes, on the other hand, had a greater impact on the GPC than environmental conditions. As a result, a multi-environmental investigation was necessary to identify the GEI for wheat genotype selection because the GEI was very significant for all of the evaluated traits. Yield, 1000-grain weight, spikelet per spike, and days to maturity were observed to have positive correlations, implying the feasibility of their simultaneous selection for yield enhancement. However, GPC was observed to have a negative correlation with yield. Patiala was found to be the most discriminating environment for both yield and GPC and also the most effective representative environment for GPC, whereas Ludhiana was found to be the most effective representative environment for yield. Eventually, two NILs (BWL7508, and BWL7511) were selected as the top across all environments for both yield and GPC.

Phenotypic diversity of key adaptive traits in advanced Nordic and Baltic spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L) breeding material

“…Nonetheless, we identi ed three genotypes (Cervino, Tjalve, and Polkka) that combined a high level of PC (14-15%) with high stability. Different from our results, Tanin et al (2022) found no clear relationship between the level and stability of PC.…”

Exploring the genotype-environment interaction of bread wheat in ambient and high-temperature planting conditions: a rigorous investigation

“…As indicated by the outcomes of preceding research, the environmental influences were notably significant across diverse environmental conditions 7 , 16 , 52 , 58 . As anticipated, environments subjected to heat stress demonstrated a diminished mean grain yield compared to non-stressed environments 2 , 4 , 41 .Previous reports in India have documented the grain yield superiority of newly developed recombinant lines over commercial checks 16 , 40 , 59 . This suggested that the newly created recombinant lines outperformed over the commercial checks under heat stress situations.…”

Genotype by environment interaction of bread wheat genotypes under timely and late sown planting conditions in central zone of India

“…The potential for creating heat tolerant wheat genotypes with superior grain yield and grain lling rate advantages over the current commercial checks in central India can be seen in the fact that a set of heattolerant advanced wheat lines used in this study had higher grain yields and grain lling rates than both the parents and commercial check. Grain yield advantage of newly developed recombinant lines over the commercial checks has been previously reported in India (Tanin et al 2022;Singh et al 2019;Sareen et al 2014). This suggested that the newly created recombinant lines outperformed the commercial checks under heat stress situations.…”