Ascaris suum: Protective immunity in pigs immunized with products from eggs and larvae

Urban, Joseph F.; Romanowski, Robert D.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(85)90028-1

Cited by 71 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In addition, crude larval antigens can induce protective immunity (61). Similar findings were observed in an A. suum laboratory animal infection model (8,22,49).…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

Mice Intranasally Immunized with a Recombinant 16-Kilodalton Antigen from RoundwormAscarisParasites Are Protected against Larval Migration ofAscaris suum

et al. 2003

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Protective immunity to the pig roundworm, Ascaris suum, has been demonstrated by immunization of pigs with antigens derived from the parasite's larval stages. We identified a protective antigen commonly expressed in the human and pig Ascaris infections as a 16-kDa protein (As16), which has no similarity at the amino acid level to mammalian proteins but has some similarity to those of the filarial parasites and Caenorhabditis elegans gene product. Localization analysis revealed that the native As16 was highly expressed in the adult worm intestine, hypodermis, and cuticles. In addition, As16 was detected in the parasite excretory and secretory products. Mice intranasally vaccinated with Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant As16 (rAs16), coupled with cholera toxin B subunit, generated a significant increase in the level of rAs16-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgE in serum. Mucosal IgA levels were also increased. The recombinant protein evoked a mixed (both Th1 and Th2) type of immune response characterized by elevated levels of gamma interferon and interleukin-10 in the culture supernatants of activated spleen cells. An increased level of IgG1 and IgG2a in serum was also observed. The vaccinated mice showed a reduction by 58% in the recovery of challenged larvae compared to a nonvaccinated control. These results suggest the possibility of developing a mucosal vaccine for human and pig ascariasis.

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“…In addition, crude larval antigens can induce protective immunity (61). Similar findings were observed in an A. suum laboratory animal infection model (8,22,49).…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

Mice Intranasally Immunized with a Recombinant 16-Kilodalton Antigen from RoundwormAscarisParasites Are Protected against Larval Migration ofAscaris suum

et al. 2003

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“…Passive transfer of sera from immune pigs is effective for killing and stunting larvae in pigs (32). In addition, crude larval antigens can induce protective immunity (58). Similar findings were observed in an A. suum-laboratory animal infection model (28).…”

supporting

confidence: 59%

Intranasal Immunization with RecombinantAscaris suum14-Kilodalton Antigen Coupled with Cholera Toxin B Subunit Induces Protective Immunity toA. suumInfection in Mice

et al. 2001

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Animals can be rendered immune to Ascaris parasites by immunization with infectious-stage larvae. The specific parasite gene products that mediate protective responses in ascariasis are unknown. We have identified a cDNA encoding Ascaris suum 14-kDa antigen (As14) and evaluated the vaccinal effect of the Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant protein (rAs14). GenBank analysis showed that As14 has low similarity at the amino acid level to a Caenorhabditis elegans gene product and to antigens of the filarial nematodes but not to other known proteins. In addition, As14 homologues were found to be expressed in human and dog roundworms. In mice that received intranasal administration of rAs14 coupled with cholera toxin B subunit (rAs14-CTB), there was a 64% reduction of recovery of larvae compared with that in the nontreated group. The vaccinated mice showed a significant increase in the total serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and the mucosal IgA responses. Elevation of the rAs14-specific IgE response was also seen. Measurement of the IgG subclasses showed a higher level of IgG1 and a lower level of IgG2a antibody response in the sera of the immunized mice, suggesting that protection was associated with a type II immune response. As14 is the first protective antigen against A. suum infection to be identified. Our immunization trial results in laboratory animals suggest the possibility of developing a mucosal vaccine for parasitic diseases caused by ascarid nematodes.

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“…Extract of L2 larvae was a generous gift from Dr Urban and was prepared as described by Urban & Romanowski (1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1992a). Protective immunity has also been demonstrated in pigs after immunization with ultraviolet‐irradiated A. suum eggs (Urban & Tromba 1982) or with different antigen preparations (Urban & Romanowski 1985, Hill et al . 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Ascaris suum infection in the pig: protective memory response after three immunizations and effect of intestinal adult worm population

Jungersen¹,

Eriksen²,

Roepstorff³

et al. 1999

Parasite Immunology

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The protective immune response to larval migration in pigs, with or without adult intestinal worm populations, 10 weeks after 3 weekly Ascaris suum inoculations, was studied in 45 pigs. Controlled adult worm populations were achieved by oral transfer of 10 adult worms to previously immunized pigs after anthelmintic drenching. A significant reduction in larval recovery from lungs on day 7, and small intestine on day 14, was observed in immunized pigs compared with previously uninfected control pigs after challenge inoculation. The strong anamnestic response to larval migration was characterized by blood eosinophilia and specific immune responses measured by peripheral blood enzyme-linked immunospot and immunosorbent assays using larval excretory-secretory products and adult body fluid as well as Western blotting with a panel of stage-specific A. suum antigens. Immune detection of a previously unreported 10 kDa band, specific to the L2 larval stage and egg hatch fluid, emerged in all pigs after challenge, while the major adult body fluid constituent, ABA-1, remained unrecognized. No significant effect of an intestinal adult worm burden on the larval recovery after a challenge inoculation or on the immune response before or after challenge inoculation could be detected. These results indicate that a significant protective memory immune response to A. suum challenge inoculation can be induced in pigs, and that this protective immunity is not significantly modulated by the presence of adult parasites in the gut.

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Ascaris suum: Protective immunity in pigs immunized with products from eggs and larvae

Cited by 71 publications

References 20 publications

Mice Intranasally Immunized with a Recombinant 16-Kilodalton Antigen from RoundwormAscarisParasites Are Protected against Larval Migration ofAscaris suum

Mice Intranasally Immunized with a Recombinant 16-Kilodalton Antigen from RoundwormAscarisParasites Are Protected against Larval Migration ofAscaris suum

Intranasal Immunization with RecombinantAscaris suum14-Kilodalton Antigen Coupled with Cholera Toxin B Subunit Induces Protective Immunity toA. suumInfection in Mice

Experimental Ascaris suum infection in the pig: protective memory response after three immunizations and effect of intestinal adult worm population

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