Asbestos and drinking water in Canada

Toft, Peter; Wigle, Donald T.; Méranger, J. C.; Y, Mao

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(81)80051-4

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This estimate was made from several studies of occupational exposure, largely by inhalation, making assumptions regarding the amount of asbestos that would have been cleared from the lung and subsequently swallowed. Epidemiological studies have looked at populations exposed to drinking water containing asbestos levels ranging as high as 1,800 million fibers per liter with varying results (Boatman and Polissar, 1982;Kanarek, 1980;Levy, 1976;Millette, 1981;Toft, 1981). A study of the population exposed to San Francisco area drinking water did report a statistical correlation between several types of cancer and the levels of asbestos in the drinking water.…”

Section: -1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Water Resources

Simonović́¹

2012

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Section: -1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Water Resources

Simonović́¹

2012

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“…The amount of asbestos can vary widely depending on the location and the area's geological composition (9). While asbestos contamination may not be a universal problem in all water supplies, there have been a number of reports of asbestos in the groundwater and the surface waters of several locations (12,13).…”

Section: Perspective On Ambient Asbestos Pollution In Drinking Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower the aggressiveness of the water, the less shedding of fibers. More than half of the water supplies sampled in the United States were considered to be moderately aggressive, and 16.5% were aggressive (9). Therefore, at least 66.5% of the United States water systems are capable of eroding asbestos cement pipe.…”

Section: Perspective On Ambient Asbestos Pollution In Drinking Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He concluded that the number of observations of cancer excesses of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and prostate were greater than what would be expected by chance (p < 0.05); however, the degree of concordance between males and females was moderate to low. Erdreich (66) evaluated the ability of various studies to detect a cancer risk as low as that predicted by EPA (9) in the 1980 Ambient Water Quality Criteriafor Asbestos. She demonstrated that based on sensitivity calculations developed for cohort studies (using statistical criteria of 80% power [1-B] and a level of significance, p, of 0.05), the California Bay Area study was capable of detecting a gastrointestinal cancer relative risk of 1.1, and the Puget Sound study was capable of detecting a gastrointestinal cancer relative risk of 1.5.…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this report the advisory committee stated that "such evidence as there is does not indicate any risk" and suggested that the "effect of long-term ingestion of fibres of various sizes, shapes and chemical compositions should be studied." In 1974 further impetus was given for such studies when Cook et al (4) and Nicholson (5) Lemen. in the drinking water of other parts of the United S,tates and Canada (6)(7)(8)(9). In some of the reports, asbestos has been measured at concentrations higher than one billion fibers per liter of water, although most reported concentrations have been less than one million fibers per liter of water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Report on cancer risks associated with the ingestion of asbestos. DHHS Committee to Coordinate Environmental and Related Programs

1987

Environ Health Perspect

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This report is an assessment of all available literature that pertains to the potential risk of cancer associated with ingestion of asbestos. It was compiled by a working group to assist policy makers in the Department of Health and Human Services determine if adequate information was available for a definitive risk assessment on this potential problem and evaluate if the weight of evidence was sufficient to prioritize this issue for new policy recommendations. The work group considered the basis for concern over this problem, the body of toxicology experiments, the individual epidemiologic studies which have attempted to investigate this issue, and the articles that discuss components of risk assessment pertaining to the ingestion of asbestos. In the report, the work group concluded: 1) that no direct, definitive risk assessment can be conducted at this time; 2) that further epidemiologic investigations will be very costly and only possess sufficient statistical power to detect relatively large excesses in cancers related to asbestos ingestion; and 3) that probably the most pertinent toxicologic experiments relate to resolving the differences in how inhaled asbestos, which is eventually swallowed, is biologically processed by humans, compared to how ingested asbestos is processed. The work group believes that the cancer risk associated with asbestos ingestion should not be perceived as one of the most pressing potential public health hazards facing the nation. However, the work group does not believe that information was sufficient to assess the level of cancer risks associated with the ingestion and therefore, this potential hazard should not be discounted, and ingestion exposure to asbestos should be eliminated whenever possible.

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Asbestos

Pierce¹,

Paustenbach²

2008

Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment

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Asbestos has been of interest to occupational health professionals for hundreds of years, and it has been a chemical that has undergone intense study for much of the past century. Owing to its resistance to combustion, it has been frequently used in high temperature applications. Inhalation of asbestos is the route of exposure which can result in an increased risk of several diseases if dose and duration are sufficient. Research has shown that there is a significant difference in potency between chrysotile and the amphiboles for increasing the risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma. This chapter reviews the chemistry of asbestos fibers, the evolution in our understanding of the toxicology and epidemiology, of asbestos some occupations that have been at historical risk, and yet unresolved aspects in the risk assessment of the various fiber types.

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Asbestos and drinking water in Canada

Cited by 28 publications

References 5 publications

Managing Water Resources

Managing Water Resources

Report on cancer risks associated with the ingestion of asbestos. DHHS Committee to Coordinate Environmental and Related Programs

Asbestos

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