As yet uncultured bacteria phylogenetically classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a predominant role in ruminal biohydrogenation

Huws, Sharon; Kim, Eun J.; Lee, Michael R. F.; Scott, Mark Boileau; Tweed, John K. S.; Pinloche, Eric; Wallace, R. J.; Scollan, Nigel D.

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02452.x

Cited by 179 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This is involved in the conversion of carbon compounds in fatty acids (Ellis et al, 2008;Servinsky et al, 2012), and their higher diversity suggests Prevotella has a greater repertoire of enzymes involved in this process and supports previous reports that Prevotella species are among those (including Clostridium species) that play a role in biohydrogenation of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (Huws et al, 2011). This would suggest that fatty acids may be a resource for which these organisms compete and for which they have diversified niches.…”

Section: Metabolic Adaptations In Prevotellasupporting

confidence: 84%

Erratum: Divergent functional isoforms drive niche specialisation for nutrient acquisition and use in rumen microbiome

Rubino¹,

Carberry²,

Waters³

et al. 2017

The ISME Journal

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Many microbes in complex competitive environments share genes for acquiring and utilising nutrients, questioning whether niche specialisation exists and if so, how it is maintained. We investigated the genomic signatures of niche specialisation in the rumen microbiome, a highly competitive, anaerobic environment, with limited nutrient availability determined by the biomass consumed by the host. We generated individual metagenomic libraries from 14 cows fed an ad libitum diet of grass silage and calculated functional isoform diversity for each microbial gene identified. The animal replicates were used to calculate confidence intervals to test for differences in diversity of functional isoforms between microbes that may drive niche specialisation. We identified 153 genes with significant differences in functional isoform diversity between the two most abundant bacterial genera in the rumen (Prevotella and Clostridium). We found Prevotella possesses a more diverse range of isoforms capable of degrading hemicellulose, whereas Clostridium for cellulose. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in key metabolic processes indicating that isoform diversity plays an important role in maintaining their niche specialisation. The methods presented represent a novel approach for untangling complex interactions between microorganisms in natural environments and have resulted in an expanded catalogue of gene targets central to rumen cellulosic biomass degradation.

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Section: Metabolic Adaptations In Prevotellasupporting

confidence: 84%

Erratum: Divergent functional isoforms drive niche specialisation for nutrient acquisition and use in rumen microbiome

Rubino¹,

Carberry²,

Waters³

et al. 2017

The ISME Journal

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“…A recent study by Maia et al (2010) reported that the inhibitory-growth effects of unsaturated FA on bacteria may be mediated via metabolic means rather than disruption of cell membrane. Additionally, Huws et al (2011) suggested that Butyrivibrio SA may not play the dominant role in C18:0 formation and other yet-uncultivated bacteria, particularly those belonging to the genera Prevotella and Anaerovoax, and unclassified Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a role in biohydrogenation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of cinnamaldehyde, monensin and quebracho condensed tannin on rumen fermentation, biohydrogenation and bacteria in continuous culture system

Ishlak

Günal

AbuGhazaleh

2015

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Please cite this article in press as: Ishlak, A., et al., The effects of cinnamaldehyde, monensin and quebracho condensed tannin on rumen fermentation, biohydrogenation and bacteria in continuous culture system. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. (2015) b s t r a c tThe objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of different feed additives (cinnamaldehyde, monensin, and quebracho condensed tannin extract) on fermentation, trans fatty acids (FA) formation and selected strains of rumen bacteria. Four continuous culture systems were used in 4 × 4 Latin square designs with 4 periods of 10 days each. Treatment diets were: control diet (44:56 forage to concentrate; CON), control plus cinnamaldehyde (CIN) at 400 mg/L, control plus monensin (MON) at 12 mg/L, and control with quebracho condensed tannin extract (QTAN) at 100 g/kg of diet (DM basis). Fermenters were fed treatment diets three times daily at 120 g/day and overflow (effluent) samples were collected from each fermenter on days 8, 9 and 10 of each period to estimate nutrients digestibility and FA composition. On day 10 of each period, three samples were collected from each fermenter at 3 and 6 h post morning feeding for volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia-N and bacterial analyses. Compared with the CON diet, feed additives had no effects (P > 0.05) on apparent dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and organic matter (OM) digestibility but apparent protein digestibility decreased (P < 0.01) with the QTAN and CIN diets. Compared with the CON diet, the concentration of acetate decreased (P < 0.05) with the MON and CIN diets. The concentration of propionate increased (P < 0.05) with the MON and QTAN diets and was greatest with the MON diet. Ammonia-N concentration decreased (P < 0.01) with all feed additives and was least with the QTAN diet. The concentration of C18:0 decreased (P < 0.01) with the three feed additives and was least with the MON diet. Concentration of trans C18:1 and vaccenic acid (VA) increased (P < 0.05) with the MON and CIN diets and was greatest with the MON diet. Compared with the CON diet, the concentration of c9t11CLA increased (P < 0.05) only with the QTAN diet. The DNA abundance of Butyrivibrio proteoclasticum decreased (P < 0.05) with the MON and CIN diets while the DNA abundance for Butyrivibrio VA increased (P < 0.05) with all feed additives compared with the CON diet. Feed additives had no effects (P > 0.05) on the DNA abundance of Anaerovibrio lipolytica and Butyrivibrio SA.In conclusion, results demonstrate that the feed additives used in this study affected the fermentation and biohydrogenation process.

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“…Prevotella contributes to the degradation of proteins, xylans, starch, and peptides and produces various fatty acids (e.g., propionate, acetate, etc.) and hydrogen (42,43). The roles of the core uncultured genera T78 and Blvii28 in FPMs were not clear.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illuminating Anaerobic Microbial Community and Cooccurrence Patterns across a Quality Gradient in Chinese Liquor Fermentation Pit Muds

Ren

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

141

127

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Fermentation pit mud, an important reservoir of diverse anaerobic microorganisms, is essential for Chinese strong-aroma liquor production. Pit mud quality, according to its sensory characteristics, can be divided into three grades: degraded, normal, and high quality. However, the relationship between pit mud microbial community and pit mud quality is poorly understood, as are microbial associations within the pit mud ecosystem. Here, microbial communities at these grades were compared using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the variable region V4 of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results revealed that the pit mud microbial community was correlated with its quality and environmental factors. Species richness, biodiversity, and relative and/or absolute abundances of Clostridia, Clostridium kluyveri, Bacteroidia, and Methanobacteria significantly increased, with corresponding increases in levels of pH, NH 4 ؉ , and available phosphorus, from degraded to high-quality pit muds, while levels of Lactobacillus, dissolved organic carbon, and lactate significantly decreased, with normal samples in between. Furthermore, 271 pairs of significant and robust correlations (cooccurrence and negative) were identified from 76 genera using network analysis. Thirteen hubs of cooccurrence patterns, mainly under the Clostridia, Bacteroidia, Methanobacteria, and Methanomicrobia, may play important roles in pit mud ecosystem stability, which may be destroyed with rapidly increased levels of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Streptococcus). This study may help clarify the relationships among microbial community, environmental conditions, and pit mud quality, allow the improvement of pit mud quality by using bioaugmentation and controlling environmental factors, and shed more light on the ecological rules guiding community assembly in pit mud. Chinese strong-aroma liquor (CSAL), a traditional alcoholic beverage, accounts for Ͼ70% of both national liquor industry production (12 billion liters) and sales volume ($80 billion) (1, 2). Its production is a typical recycling process using solid-state fermentation. In brief, fermented grains obtained from the last fermentation round are mixed with crushed raw materials (sorghum, wheat, corn, rice, and sticky rice) for distillation to give CSAL (3). After cooling, the steamed mixture is supplied with a 10 to 20% (wt/wt) Daqu starter. Next, the above-mentioned mixture is placed into a fermentation vessel (underground cuboid soil pit, 2 m wide by 3 m long by 2 m deep), sealed, and anaerobically fermented for about 60 days at 28 to 32°C (2). The inside walls of the pit are covered with fermentation pit mud (FPM), which is prepared initially by incubating the mixture of clay, spent grain, bean cake powder, and fermentation bacteria (e.g., Clostridium spp.) (2). After fermentation, the fermented grains taken out of the pit are distilled to give liquor after new raw materials are supplied, and then the mixture is applied to the next round of fermentation, as described above. It is widely believe...

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As yet uncultured bacteria phylogenetically classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a predominant role in ruminal biohydrogenation

Cited by 179 publications

References 39 publications

Erratum: Divergent functional isoforms drive niche specialisation for nutrient acquisition and use in rumen microbiome

Erratum: Divergent functional isoforms drive niche specialisation for nutrient acquisition and use in rumen microbiome

The effects of cinnamaldehyde, monensin and quebracho condensed tannin on rumen fermentation, biohydrogenation and bacteria in continuous culture system

Illuminating Anaerobic Microbial Community and Cooccurrence Patterns across a Quality Gradient in Chinese Liquor Fermentation Pit Muds

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