Abstract:O estudo dos anfíbios que ocorrem nas florestas da Serra dos Órgãos, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil, resultou no registro de três espécies de Gastrotheca Fitzinger, 1843: G. albolineata (Lutz & Lutz, 1939), G. ernestoi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 e G. fulvorufa (Andersson, 1911). Essas espécies são comparadas, inclusive com exame dos crânios e da vocalização, e reconhecidas como diferentes. O nome Gastrotheca microdiscus (Andersson, 1909), ao qual G. fulvorufa e G. ernestoi têm sido consideradas … Show more
“…Similarly, on Ilha de São Sebastião there are records of three undescribed species, two of the Ischnocnema lactea species series and one species of the Scinax catharinae group (F. Centeno pers.com.). Additionally, one adult female specimen of Gastrotheca was reported by Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva [34]. On six islands (Table S1) there are members of the Scinax perpusillus group thought to represent species yet to be described [11], [33].…”
We investigate the composition of anuran communities of land-bridge islands off the southeastern coast of Brazil. These islands provide natural long-term experiments on the effects of fragmentation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF). We hypothesize that Pleistocene sea-level changes, in combination with other abiotic variables such as area and habitat diversity, has affected anuran species richness and community composition on these islands. Data from the literature and collections databases were used to produce species lists for eight land-bridge islands and for the mainland adjacent to the islands. We assess the effects of area, number of breeding habitats and distance to the mainland upon anuran species richness on land-bridge islands. Additionally we use nestedness analysis to quantify the extent to which the species on smaller and less habitat-diverse islands correspond to subsets of those on larger and more diverse ones. We found that area has both direct and indirect effects on anuran species richness on land-bridge islands, irrespective of distance to the mainland. However, on islands with comparable sizes, differences in species richness can be attributed to the number and quality of breeding habitats. Anuran communities on these islands display a nested pattern, possibly caused by selective extinction related to habitat loss. Common lowland pond-breeders were conspicuous by their absence. In the BAF, the conservation of fragments with a high diversity of breeding habitats could compensate for the generally negative effect of small area upon species richness. We suggest that sea-level changes have an important role in shaping composition of anuran species on coastal communities.
“…Similarly, on Ilha de São Sebastião there are records of three undescribed species, two of the Ischnocnema lactea species series and one species of the Scinax catharinae group (F. Centeno pers.com.). Additionally, one adult female specimen of Gastrotheca was reported by Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva [34]. On six islands (Table S1) there are members of the Scinax perpusillus group thought to represent species yet to be described [11], [33].…”
We investigate the composition of anuran communities of land-bridge islands off the southeastern coast of Brazil. These islands provide natural long-term experiments on the effects of fragmentation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF). We hypothesize that Pleistocene sea-level changes, in combination with other abiotic variables such as area and habitat diversity, has affected anuran species richness and community composition on these islands. Data from the literature and collections databases were used to produce species lists for eight land-bridge islands and for the mainland adjacent to the islands. We assess the effects of area, number of breeding habitats and distance to the mainland upon anuran species richness on land-bridge islands. Additionally we use nestedness analysis to quantify the extent to which the species on smaller and less habitat-diverse islands correspond to subsets of those on larger and more diverse ones. We found that area has both direct and indirect effects on anuran species richness on land-bridge islands, irrespective of distance to the mainland. However, on islands with comparable sizes, differences in species richness can be attributed to the number and quality of breeding habitats. Anuran communities on these islands display a nested pattern, possibly caused by selective extinction related to habitat loss. Common lowland pond-breeders were conspicuous by their absence. In the BAF, the conservation of fragments with a high diversity of breeding habitats could compensate for the generally negative effect of small area upon species richness. We suggest that sea-level changes have an important role in shaping composition of anuran species on coastal communities.
“…Distribuição Global Estados Bahia, Espírito Santo Biomas Caatinga, Mata Atlântica Bacias Hidrográficas Sub-bacia Contas, Sub-bacia Doce, Sub-bacia Itapecuru-Paraguaçu, Sub-bacia Litoral BA ES, Sub-bacia Litoral ES Eotheca megacephala era confundida com E. fissipes (Izecksohn et al, 2009;Duellman, 2015).…”
Section: Notas Taxonômicasunclassified
“…Endêmica do Brasil: Sim Gastrotheca megacephala é endêmica do Brasil, com distribuição ao longo da região costeira do centro do estado da Bahia até o estado do Espírito Santo (Rossa-Feres et al, 2017). Sua localidade-tipo é a Lagoa do Milho, no município de Guarapari, no estado do Espírito Santo (Izecksohn et al, 2009), onde também é registrada nos municípios de Sooretama, Vitória, Santa Teresa e Linhares (Izecksohn et al, 2009;Duellman, 2015). No estado da Bahia, a espécie ocorre em oito municípios: Alcobaça, Una, Jussari, Maraú, Prado, Tremedal, Igrapiúna e Amargosa (Izecksohn et al, 2009;Teixeira Jr. et al, 2012;Duellman, 2015).…”
Section: Distribuiçãounclassified
“…Sua localidade-tipo é a Lagoa do Milho, no município de Guarapari, no estado do Espírito Santo (Izecksohn et al, 2009), onde também é registrada nos municípios de Sooretama, Vitória, Santa Teresa e Linhares (Izecksohn et al, 2009;Duellman, 2015). No estado da Bahia, a espécie ocorre em oito municípios: Alcobaça, Una, Jussari, Maraú, Prado, Tremedal, Igrapiúna e Amargosa (Izecksohn et al, 2009;Teixeira Jr. et al, 2012;Duellman, 2015). Sua extensão de ocorrência é de 117.897km², obtida via mínimo polígono convexo formado a partir dos pontos de registro.…”
Eotheca megacephala é endêmica do Brasil e se distribui ao longo da região costeira do estado da Bahia até o Espírito Santo. Trata-se de espécie arborícola e encontrada em bromélias. Sua distribuição é ampla a abriga remanescentes bem preservados, não havendo ameaças conhecidas que a coloquem em risco de extinção. Por essas razões, E. megacephala foi categorizada como Menos Preocupante (LC).
“…Like most Atlantic Forest Gastrotheca species, G. albolineata is mainly arboreal (Pontes et al 2012). Some information is available in literature, including the advertisement call (Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva 2008); defensive behavior (Muscat and Rotenberg 2016); breeding activity during the dry season (Pontes et al 2012); and egg number and size (Caramaschi and Rodrigues 2007). Demographic data, seasonal variation in breeding activity, egg development, parturition, and newly hatched froglet size for G. albolineata remain unknown.…”
Natural history of the marsupial frog Gastrotheca albolineata (Anura: Hemiphractidae) in lowland Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Gastrotheca albolineata is a marsupial frog endemic to the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. It remains poorly studied in nature and is uncommon in herpetological collections. We studied the natural history of G. albolineata during a four-year period (2015 to 2019), in Ubatuba, São Paulo state, Brazil, at its southernmost distribution. Our results show that G. albolineata is arboreal, perches from low to medium heights, and breeds during the dry season without chorus aggregation. Calling activity occurs during the day but is more intense during the first half of the night. We used dorsal body markings to identify individuals. Six individuals were recaptured during the study, indicating site fidelity during the active season. The defensive repertory of G. albolineata contains seven different behaviors, including a high-pitched distress call. Egg development in the female’s dorsal pouch took at least 87 days, and fully formed froglets were born with a snout–vent length of 16 mm. Our data substantially add to the knowledge of the natural history of Brazilian marsupial frogs and can be helpful to delineate conservation strategies for elusive species such as G. albolineata.
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