As a Waterborne Disease Legionnaıre's Disease and Environmental Survey

Yavuz, Cavit İşık

doi:10.5222/tmcd.2018.211

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Legionnaires' disease is important for preventive medicine because it is a waterborne disease that leads to severe pneumonia which can result in death. Prevention of Legionella's settlement and proliferation in water-related areas and water systems constitutes the basic protection strategy for Legionnaires' disease [1]. While bacteria cause no health problems in most healthy individuals, they can cause very serious diseases in some individuals [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Legionnaires' disease was defined for the first time as a result of analyses performed after an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection in 182 people who attended a meeting of the Pennsylvania American Legion held in Philadelphia in 1976, and caused the death of 29 of the participants. The source of the transmission of the disease were not exactly determined [1]. In the USA, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) revealed that the agent in this outbreak wasa gram-negative bacterium and named the agent Legionella pneumophila since it causes a pneumonia-like picture [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the presence of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> in water samples from Erzurum and surrounding provinces in Turkey

Yılmaz¹,

Orhan²

2021

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. Legionnaires' disease, which is a waterborne disease leading to pneumonia that can result in death, is one of the major health issues today. The study aims to carry out a three-year retrospective review of routine Legionella follow-up analyses in various samples taken mostly from hospitals in the province of Erzurum and nearby provinces, and to discover a the frequency of isolation of the agent and serogroups from each kind of media. Materials and method. The study included a total of 2,025 water samples taken from hospitals, hotels, Turkish baths and shopping malls in Erzurum,and 13 nearby cities between 2016 and 2018. Samples were filtered by 0.45 μm-diameter membrane filter paper in the Public Health Laboratory of Erzurum and examined for L. pneumophila using culture method, according to the criteria set out in ISO 11731-2. Results. The presence of L. pneumophila was found in 65 of the 2,025 water samples taken in hospitals, and in none of 40 samples taken in hotels, Turkish baths and shopping malls. L. pneumophila serogroup 2-14 was detected in 46 (70.8%) of 65 samples found positive, whereas L. pneumophila serogroup 1 was detected in 18 (27.7%). Furthermore, both the L. pneumophila serogroup 2-14 and L. pneumophila serogroup 1 were detected simultaneously in one example (1.5%). The first three samples indicate that the highest positivity rates were in hot water taps (11.6%), hot water tanks (6.1%) and shower heads (4.8%). Conclusions. The Prevalence rat of L. pneumophila was found to be quite low compared to other studies conducted in the western regions of Turkey. Legionella positivity was found to be higher in the hot water systems of hospitals and related points, compared to the other sample points.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the presence of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> in water samples from Erzurum and surrounding provinces in Turkey

Yılmaz¹,

Orhan²

2021

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…The increase in the temperature of cold-water tanks above 20 °C affects the colonization and spread of Legionella species in the system (Yavuz, 2018). In another study, the highest temperature value at which L. pneumophila species could be detected was found to 64 °C (Botzenhart et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Detection methods for Legionella pneumophila in diverse environmental conditions: A comparative study of FISH, seminested PCR and conventional culture

Alver, I. A.,

Kimiran, A.

2024

MJM

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Aims: Legionella bacteria cause Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever. It is commonly found in natural water resources and manmade water systems. Environmental conditions such as nutrient deficiency, temperature, pH, disinfectant and the presence of other bacteria can cause Legionella bacteria to pass into the viable but not-culturable (VBNC) phase. This study was aimed to determine appropriate methods to detect Legionella pneumophila bacteria living in water systems with wide temperature and pH ranges threatening human health. Methodology and results: In this study, water samples containing L. pneumophila at a concentration of 10 8 cell/L were exposed to different temperatures (5 °C, 50 °C, 55 °C and 60 °C) and pH (2.2, 5.8, 7.0 and 8.2) values. Conventional culture, FISH and seminested PCR methods were used to detect L. pneumophila. A comparison was made between the methods used in the study to determine the most appropriate method for detecting L. pneumophila bacteria. The results showed that the highest detection rates of L. pneumophila were at 5 °C for 24 h (100%) and at pH 2.2 for 0 th min (100%) by using FISH method. All the samples could be determined by the seminested PCR method. The results of our study showed that the highest detection rates of L. pneumophila were at 5 °C for 24 h (100%) and at pH 2.2 for 0 min (100%) by FISH method. All of the samples could be determined by the seminested PCR method. It was determined that the detection rate was the lowest in the FISH method at 3 min at 60 °C and the highest was 24 h at 5 °C. The lowest detection rate was also observed by using FISH method in the samples exposed to 60 °C for 3 min. Results show that the FISH and seminested PCR methods are the most suitable for detecting L. pneumophila bacteria from water systems exposed to different environmental conditions. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Different methods (conventional culture, FISH, seminested PCR) used to detect L. pneumophila bacteria were compared in this study. It was concluded that Legionella bacteria passed into the VBNC phase, and compared to molecular methods, the conventional culture method provides a low detection rate of these bacteria. Research findings suggest that it is insufficient to use the conventional culture method alone for the detection of Legionella bacteria from man-made water systems or human samples. This study is important as it is decisive for the determination of the most appropriate method for detecting the human pathogen L. pneumophila bacteria from water samples and the choice for a fast and effective method for the elimination of the infectious agent.

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As a Waterborne Disease Legionnaıre's Disease and Environmental Survey

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Investigation of the presence of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> in water samples from Erzurum and surrounding provinces in Turkey

Investigation of the presence of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> in water samples from Erzurum and surrounding provinces in Turkey

Detection methods for Legionella pneumophila in diverse environmental conditions: A comparative study of FISH, seminested PCR and conventional culture

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