“…Participation in weekly parent-infant active music classes has been associated with enhanced communicative gestures, and distress regulation in 12-month-old children compared to those who participated in passive music experiences (Gerry, Unrau, & Trainor, 2012). Arts-enriched preschool environments that include music have been found to improve school readiness, receptive vocabulary (Brown, Benedett, & Armistead, 2010), literacy (Phillips, Gorton, Pinciotti, & Sachdev, 2010), cognitive reasoning (Portowitz, Lichtenstein, Egorova, & Brand, 2009), and emotional regulation skills in low-income children (Brown & Sax, 2013) when compared to non-arts enriched programs.…”