ArtiSynth: A Fast Interactive Biomechanical Modeling Toolkit Combining Multibody and Finite Element Simulation

Lloyd, John E.; Stavness, Ian; Fels, Sidney

doi:10.1007/8415_2012_126

Cited by 155 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Concerning this variation, our research has pointed out that the expression of sexual dimorphism has changed over time when comparing these three sites and that dietary differences very possibly had an effect on mandibular size. Coming back to the overarching project, in future research, we plan to incorporate a PCA model based on the entire set of 3D mandible scans into ArtiSynth (Lloyd et al, 2012) to examine the effect of this variation on speech biomechanics.…”

Section: Homo -Journal Of Comparative Human Biology 68 (2017) 329-342mentioning

confidence: 99%

Talking heads: Morphological variation in the human mandible over the last 500 years in the Netherlands

Bosman

Moisik

Dediu

et al. 2017

HOMO

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A B S T R A C TThe primary aim of this paper is to assess patterns of morphological variation in the mandible to investigate changes during the last 500 years in the Netherlands. Three-dimensional geometric morphometrics is used on data collected from adults from three populations living in the Netherlands during three time-periods. Two of these samples come from Dutch archaeological sites (Alkmaar, 1484-1574, n = 37; and Middenbeemster, 1829-1866, n = 51) and were digitized using a 3D laser scanner. The third is a modern sample obtained from MRI scans of 34 modern Dutch individuals.Differences between mandibles are dominated by size. Significant differences in size are found among samples, with on average, males from Alkmaar having the largest mandibles and females from Middenbeemster having the smallest. The results are possibly linked to a softening of the diet, due to a combination of differences in food types and food processing that occurred between these time-periods. Differences in shape are most noticeable between males from Alkmaar and Middenbeemster. Shape differences between males and females are concentrated in the symphysis and ramus, which is mostly the consequence of sexual dimorphism. The relevance of this research is a better understanding of the anatomical variation of the mandible that can occur over an evolutionarily short time, as well as supporting research that has shown plasticity of the mandibular form related to diet and food processing. This plasticity of form must be taken into account in phylogenetic research and when the mandible is used in sex estimation of skeletons.

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Section: Homo -Journal Of Comparative Human Biology 68 (2017) 329-342mentioning

confidence: 99%

Talking heads: Morphological variation in the human mandible over the last 500 years in the Netherlands

Bosman

Moisik

Dediu

et al. 2017

HOMO

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“…We use ArtiSynth (www.artisynth.org) for biomechanical modeling [15]. An improved version of a 3D biomechanical model, which was developed in our previous work [12], is used in this study.…”

Section: Biomechanical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of VV Utterances from Muscle Activation to Sound with a 3D Model

et al. 2017

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We propose a method to automatically generate deformable 3D vocal tract geometries from the surrounding structures in a biomechanical model. This allows us to couple 3D biomechanics and acoustics simulations. The basis of the simulations is muscle activation trajectories in the biomechanical model, which move the articulators to the desired articulatory positions. The muscle activation trajectories for a vowel-vowel utterance are here defined through interpolation between the determined activations of the start and end vowel. The resulting articulatory trajectories of flesh points on the tongue surface and jaw are similar to corresponding trajectories measured using Electromagnetic Articulography, hence corroborating the validity of interpolating muscle activation. At each time step in the articulatory transition, a 3D vocal tract tube is created through a cavity extraction method based on first slicing the geometry of the articulators with a semi-polar grid to extract the vocal tract contour in each plane and then reconstructing the vocal tract through a smoothed 3D mesh-generation using the extracted contours. A finite element method applied to these changing 3D geometries simulates the acoustic wave propagation. We present the resulting acoustic pressure changes on the vocal tract boundary and the formant transitions for the utterance [Ai].

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“…We created our model (see Figure 3) in the ArtiSynth biomechanical modeling toolkit (www.artisynth.org; see also Lloyd et al, 2012), by registering and integrating two previously reported reference models.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Biomechanical Modeling Study of the Effects of the Orbicularis Oris Muscle and Jaw Posture on Lip Shape

Stavness

Nazari

Perrier

et al. 2013

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Method: Our methodology is based on computer simulations with a sophisticated biomechanical model coupling the jaw, tongue and face. First, the influence of Orbicularis Oris (OO) muscle geometry is analyzed. We assessed how changes to the OO anatomical implementation, in terms of depth (from epidermis to the skull) and peripheralness (proximity to the lip horn center), affected lip protrusion, lip spreading and lip area. Second, we evaluated the capability of the lip/jaw system to generate protrusion and rounding, or labial closure for different jaw heights.Results: (1) A highly peripheral and moderately deep OO implementation is most appropriate for achieving protrusion and rounding; (2) a superficial implementation facilitates closure; (3) protrusion and rounding requires a high jaw position; (4) labial closure is achievable for various jaw heights.Conclusions: Our results provide a quantitative assessment of how physical characteristics of the speech motor plant can determine regularities and variability in speech articulations across humans and over time.

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ArtiSynth: A Fast Interactive Biomechanical Modeling Toolkit Combining Multibody and Finite Element Simulation

Cited by 155 publications

References 22 publications

Talking heads: Morphological variation in the human mandible over the last 500 years in the Netherlands

Talking heads: Morphological variation in the human mandible over the last 500 years in the Netherlands

Synthesis of VV Utterances from Muscle Activation to Sound with a 3D Model

A Biomechanical Modeling Study of the Effects of the Orbicularis Oris Muscle and Jaw Posture on Lip Shape

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