Artificially modified collagen fibril orientation affects leather tear strength

Kelly, S. J.; Wells, Hannah C.; Sizeland, Katie H.; Kirby, Nigel; Edmonds, Richard L.; Ryan, Tim; Hawley, Adrian; Mudie, Stephen; Haverkamp, Richard G.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8863

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…43 This could in part be attributed to simple geometrical consideration with the change in thickness rather than any rearrangement (in other words to affine transformation). 44,45 Compression of the meniscal tissue in a confined space translates to tensile stress at right angles to the direction of this force. After some initial straightening and orienting in the direction perpendicular to the direction of compression, the fibrils take up this stress by extending along their length, accompanied by some loss of water ( Figure 6), with the water loss mediated by GAG content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Bovine Meniscus Middle Zone Tissue: Measurement of Collagen Fibril Behavior During Compression</p>

Sizeland

Wells

Kirby

et al. 2020

IJN

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Background: Type I collagen is the major component of the extracellular matrix of the knee's meniscus and plays a central role in that joint's biomechanical properties. Repair and reconstruction of tissue damage often requires a scaffold to assist the body to rebuild. The middle zone of bovine meniscus is a material that may be useful for the preparation of extracellular matrix scaffolds. Methods: Here, synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns of bovine meniscus were collected during unconfined compression. Collagen fibril orientation, D-spacing, compression distance and force were measured. Results: The collagen fibrils in middle zone meniscal fibrocartilage become more highly oriented perpendicular to the direction of compression. The D-spacing also increases, from 65.0 to 66.3 nm with compression up to 0.43 MPa, representing a 1.8% elongation of collagen fibrils perpendicular to the compression. Conclusion: The elasticity of the collagen fibrils under tension along their length when the meniscus is compressed, therefore, contributes to the overall elastic response of the meniscus only under loads that exceed those likely to be experienced physiologically.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 43 This could in part be attributed to simple geometrical consideration with the change in thickness rather than any rearrangement (in other words to affine transformation). 44 , 45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Bovine Meniscus Middle Zone Tissue: Measurement of Collagen Fibril Behavior During Compression</p>

Sizeland

Wells

Kirby

et al. 2020

IJN

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“…The importance of texture is not limited to crystalline materials. Many composites such as biological tissues, fabrics and carbon fibre gain their emergent properties from the orientation and hierarchical organization of fibres, domains or nanoparticles (Aghamohammadzadeh et al, 2004;Kelly et al, 2018;Cho et al, 2017;Qian et al, 2018;Poulsen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferred orientation and its effects on intensity-correlation measurements

Binns

Darmanin

Kewish

et al. 2022

Int Union Crystallogr J

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Intensity-correlation measurements allow access to nanostructural information on a range of ordered and disordered materials beyond traditional pair-correlation methods. In real space, this information can be expressed in terms of a pair-angle distribution function (PADF) which encodes three- and four-body distances and angles. To date, correlation-based techniques have not been applied to the analysis of microstructural effects, such as preferred orientation, which are typically investigated by texture analysis. Preferred orientation is regarded as a potential source of error in intensity-correlation experiments and complicates interpretation of the results. Here, the theory of preferred orientation in intensity-correlation techniques is developed, connecting it to the established theory of texture analysis. The preferred-orientation effect is found to scale with the number of crystalline domains in the beam, surpassing the nanostructural signal when the number of domains becomes large. Experimental demonstrations are presented of the orientation-dominant and nanostructure-dominant cases using PADF analysis. The results show that even minor deviations from uniform orientation produce the strongest angular correlation signals when the number of crystalline domains in the beam is large.

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“…Typically, SAXS analysis provides structural information on objects between 1 and 400 nm in size and has the advantages of being non-destructive and requiring minimal sample preparation (4). The technique has been used for the analysis of a wide range of substances, including biological materials where it has been particularly useful in studies of collagen in leather, (5)(6)(7)(8) tendon, (9,10) and the cornea, (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) most recently to characterize a lesion of veterinary importance. (18) The ultrastructure of collagen is often determined by electron microscopy, but to produce the thin tissue sections that are studied, tissues must rst undergo chemical preservation, also called xation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Preservatives on Corneal Collagen Parameters Measured by Small Angle X-ray Scattering Analysis

Kelly

duPlessis

Soley

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Collagen is a prominent structural protein in biological tissue, and little is known about the effect of preservatives, commonly used to preserve and study tissue, on collagen structures. Method: The study determined the effects of commonly used tissue preservatives on measurements of fibril diameter, fibril diameter distribution, and D-spacing of corneal collagen made using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. Results: Compared to control sheep and cats’ corneas that were preserved frozen at -80 °C, those preserved in 5% glutaraldehyde and 10% formalin had significantly larger mean collagen fibril diameters, increased fibril diameter distribution and decreased D-spacing. Corneas preserved in Triton X had significantly increased mean collagen fibril diameters and orientation indexes with decreased fibril diameter distribution. Corneas preserved in 0.9% saline had significantly increased mean collagen fibril diameters and decreased diameter distributions. Subjectively, the corneas preserved in 5% glutaraldehyde and 10% formalin maintained their transparency but those in Triton X and 0.9% saline became opaque. Subjective morphological assessment of transmission electron microscope images of corneas supported the SAXS data. Conclusions: Workers using SAXS analysis to characterize collagen should be alerted to changes that can be introduced by common preservatives in which their samples may have been stored.

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Artificially modified collagen fibril orientation affects leather tear strength

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

<p>Bovine Meniscus Middle Zone Tissue: Measurement of Collagen Fibril Behavior During Compression</p>

<p>Bovine Meniscus Middle Zone Tissue: Measurement of Collagen Fibril Behavior During Compression</p>

Preferred orientation and its effects on intensity-correlation measurements

Effects of Preservatives on Corneal Collagen Parameters Measured by Small Angle X-ray Scattering Analysis

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