Artificial Soft–Rigid Protective Layer for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode

Xu, Rui; Zhang, Xue‐Qiang; Cheng, Xin‐Bing; Peng, Hong‐Jie; Zhao, Chen‐Zi; Yan, Chong; Huang, Jia‐Qi

doi:10.1002/adfm.201705838

Cited by 511 publications

(345 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…[4] The reductive decomposition of these carbonate solvents produces a fragile solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer consisting mainly of Li alkyl carbonate (ROCO 2 Li) species. In recent years, various approaches to stabilize Li metal anode (LMA) have been investigated, including artificial protective layers [6][7][8][9][10][11] and host structures. Therefore, protecting Li metal anodes in carbonate-based electrolytes will be a formidable challenge for achieving high energy density LMBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Peng

Song

Huai

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

119

101

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Use of a protective coating on a lithium metal anode (LMA) is an effective approach to enhance its coulombic efficiency and cycling stability. Here, a facile approach to produce uniform silver nanoparticle‐decorated LMA for high‐performance Li metal batteries (LMBs) is reported. This effective treatment can lead to well‐controlled nucleation and the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Ag nanoparticles embedded in the surface of Li anodes induce uniform Li plating/stripping morphologies with reduced overpotential. More importantly, cross‐linked lithium fluoride‐rich interphase formed during Ag+ reduction enables a highly stable SEI layer. Based on the Ag‐LiF decorated anodes, LMBs with LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode (≈1.8 mAh cm−2) can retain >80% capacity over 500 cycles. The similar approach can also be used to treat sodium metal anodes. Excellent stability (80% capacity retention in 10 000 cycles) is obtained for a Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell using a Na‐Ag‐NaF/Na anode cycled in carbonate electrolyte. These results clearly indicate that synergetic control of the nucleation and SEI is an efficient approach to stabilize rechargeable metal batteries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Peng

Song

Huai

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

119

101

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“…[6b,13] Various mechanically stable but thick and unregulated protective layers were also reported. [14,15] Consequently, it is desired to have an effective interfacial layer that needs to address all these issues. Moreover, physical cracking in the interface layers can greatly induce inhomogeneous Li deposition leading to corrosion of Li, detrimental side reaction, and harsh Li dendrite growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO₂ as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Pathak

Chen

Gurung

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

146

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3860 mAh g −1 ), low redox potential (−3.04 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) and high capability to be coupled with high-voltage and/or high-capacity cathode materials. [1] However, the practical application of Li as an anode in rechargeable lithium batteries is still hindered by the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites, low Coulombic efficiency (CE), and limited cycle life. [2] Numerous efforts have been made to address these issues. One of the strategies focuses on the design of suitable electrolytes by optimizing the concentration, [3] adding additives and fillers, [4] engineering highmodulus solid electrolytes and polymer electrolytes. [5] These advanced electrolytes are expected to have excellent electrochemical stability on the Li electrode and higher Young's modulus to resist the dendrite growth. [6] Further, developing stable host materials and nanostructured scaffolds to accommodate Li during the plating process has been employed to address the issues of large volume changes during lithium plating/stripping. [7] Recently, developing an artificial interfacial layer between the electrolyte and Li metal electrode has attracted tremendous attention in lithium metal batteries (LMBs). The interfacial layer can prevent side reactions, enable fast Li-ion diffusion, and suppress the Li dendrite growth for the efficient operation of Li metal anode. The side reactions and interfacial instability of Li metal lead to significant consumption of electrolyte. As a result, the resistance of the Li metal cell increases that leads to overpotential and ultimately short cell lifespan. Previous studies showed that various ceramics such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 , SnO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 are very promising interfacial layers to buffer the volumetric expansion of the anode. [8] Such ceramic layers are able to conduct Li + and block electron transport. [9] Lithiated multiwall carbon nanotubes and multilayered graphene with high mechanical rigidity have been reported as a controlled Li diffusion interface. [10] In addition, glass fibers, silica sandwiched between two separators, and silica@poly(methyl methacrylate) (SiO 2 @PMMA) nanosphere-modified Cu electrode has also been studied. [7c,11] These artificial layers improve wettability toward electrolyte, reduce the concentration of Li ions, and react with growing Li to suppress the dendrites. Organic/inorganic Lithium metal anodes are expected to drive practical applications that require high energy-density storage. However, the direct use of metallic lithium causes safety concerns, low rate capabilities, and poor cycling performance due to unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and undesired lithium dendrite growth. To address these issues, a radio frequency sputtered graphite-SiO 2 ultrathin bilayer on a Li metal chips is demonstrated, for the first time, as an effective SEI layer. This leads to a dendrite free uniform Li deposition to achieve a stable voltage profile and outstanding long hours plating/stripping compared to the bare Li. Compared to a bare Li anode, the graph...

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“…[6] The Li dendrite formation is due to the cracks formed in the insoluble solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer between Li metal and electrolyte, as a result of drastic volume changes during continuous Li stripping/plating. [9,10] Various routes have thus been developed to restraint he growth of dendrites, including stabilizing the SEI layer by optimizingt he solvents, [11] lithiums alts, [4,12,13] and/ore lectrolyte additives; [14,15] introducing high-modulus solid electrolytes (such as lithium garnets [16][17][18] and composite electrolyte [19] )t op hysically impede dendrite infiltration;a nd building an interface layer on the lithium metal as an artificial protective SEI layer [20] (such as SiO 2 , [21] Al 2 O 3 , [22][23][24] LiF, [25,26] and polymer [27] ). [3] These decompositionr eactions lead to increasingi nternal resistance, low Coulombic efficiency (CE), and bad cycling performance of LIBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elemental mapping of a)7 Li and b)27 Al of the Li-Al 2 O 3 electrode after the 100th cyclebyT OF secondaryi on mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Weight 3D Al₂O₃ Network as an Artificial Layer to Stabilize Lithium Deposition

et al. 2018

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Lithium metal has been regarded as an ideal anode for high-energy-density batteries. However, safety and efficiency concerns still linger due to dendrite formation, reactions between the liquid electrolyte and lithium, high resistance with lithium metal, and the weight of interface layer. A new nanometer-thick, hollow, Al O fiber network with an elastic and porous 3D structure has been prepared through an atomic-layer deposition process by using cotton sacrificial templates. Through a comparison study of the lithium deposition behavior by employing artificial layers with different structures, the low-weight 3D layer with lithiophilic properties overcomes the issues resulting from the 2D rigid Al O layer and provides a low overpotential and dendrite-free growth of lithium metal. Moreover, stable lithium deposition enables Li-Li symmetric cells with a 3D artificial layer to be stably cycled 300 times in carbonate-based electrolyte, with superior rate capability, and with a LiNi Co Mn O cathode.

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Artificial Soft–Rigid Protective Layer for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode

Cited by 511 publications

References 55 publications

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO₂ as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Low‐Weight 3D Al₂O₃ Network as an Artificial Layer to Stabilize Lithium Deposition

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Artificial Soft–Rigid Protective Layer for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode

Cited by 511 publications

References 55 publications

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO2 as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Low‐Weight 3D Al2O3 Network as an Artificial Layer to Stabilize Lithium Deposition

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Product

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Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO₂ as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Low‐Weight 3D Al₂O₃ Network as an Artificial Layer to Stabilize Lithium Deposition