Artificial Periodic Irregularities and Temperature of the Lower Thermosphere

Abstract

The results of temperature measurements in the lower thermosphere at altitudes of 90–130 km by the method of resonant scattering of radio waves on artificial periodic inhomogeneities (APIs) of the ionospheric plasma are presented. These inhomogeneities are created when the ionosphere is exposed to powerful HF radio emission. The temperature profile was obtained from measurements of the relaxation time of the API scattered signal. The data processes and the method of the temperature determination are given in detail. The height and temporal resolutions of the API technique are of the order of 1 km and 15 s, respectively, making it possible to study both fast and slow processes in the lower thermosphere. Large temperature variability at altitudes of 90–130 km during the day and from day to day, due to the propagation of atmospheric waves, has been confirmed. The temporal variations of the atmospheric parameters take place with periods from 15 min to some hours. There are often height profiles of the temperature with the wave-like variations and with the vertical scale of about 4–10 km. The irregular temperature profiles were observed above 100 km.

Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere

“…Radar and lidar, using both groundbased and satellite-based optical instruments, are important observational tools in this region [1,2]. Furthermore, the method of the resonant scattering of radio waves on artificial periodic inhomogeneities (APIs) of the ionospheric plasma is used to conduct temperature measurements in the MLT region [3].…”