Artificial neural network approach for prediction of AuNPs biosynthesis by Streptomyces flavolimosus, characterization, antitumor potency in-vitro and in-vivo against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma 

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as promising and versatile nanoparticles for cancer therapy and are widely used in drug and gene delivery, biomedical imaging, diagnosis, and biosensors. The current study describes a biological-based strategy for AuNPs biosynthesis using the cell-free supernatant of Streptomyces flavolimosus. The biosynthesized AuNPs have an absorption peak at 530–535 nm. The TEM images indicate that AuNPs were spherical and ranged in size from 4 to 20 nm. The surface capping molecules of AuNPs are negatively charged, having a Zeta potential of − 10.9 mV. FTIR analysis revealed that the AuNPs surface composition contains a variety of functional groups as –OH, C–H, N–, C=O, NH3+, amine hydrochloride, amide group of proteins, C–C and C–N. The bioprocess variables affecting AuNPs biosynthesis were optimized by using the central composite design (CCD) in order to maximize the AuNPs biosynthesis. The maximum yield of AuNPs (866.29 µg AuNPs/mL) was obtained using temperature (35 °C), incubation period (4 days), HAuCl4 concentration (1000 µg/mL) and initial pH level 6. Comparison was made between the fitness of CCD versus Artificial neural network (ANN) approach based on their prediction and the corresponding experimental results. AuNPs biosynthesis values predicted by ANN exhibit a more reasonable agreement with the experimental result. The anticancer activities of AuNPs were assessed under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results revealed a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of the MCF-7 and Hela carcinoma cell lines treated with AuNPs with IC50 value of 13.4 ± 0.44 μg/mL and 13.8 ± 0.45 μg/mL for MCF-7 and Hela cells; respectively. Further, AuNPs showed potential inhibitory effect against tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice models. AuNPs significantly reduced the tumor volume, tumor weight, and decreased number of viable tumor cells in EAC bearing mice.

Streptomyces monashensis MSK03-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles: characterization and antibacterial activity

“…8B ). 30,62 The TEM/SAED results were consistent with the XRD results. The average particle size of MSK03-AuNPs was measured to be 23.2 ± 10.7 nm, with a size range varying from 7.1 to 40.0 nm ( Fig.…”

Process optimization for gold nanoparticles biosynthesis by Streptomyces albogriseolus using artificial neural network, characterization and antitumor activities

“…Therefore, it can be concluded that ANN exhibits superior predictive abilities capacity for the optimal levels of GNPs biosynthesis. The observed output can be attributed to the efficacy of ANN to provide good performance can be attributed to the repeated training of the neurons for different physicochemical factors 25 .…”

“…Table 1 displays the actual and coded levels of the four variables, the experimental and predicted values for GNPs, accompanied by their corresponding residuals. According to the CCD results of El-Naggar et al 25 , the GNPs produced using the cell-free supernatant of Streptomyces flavolimosus showed notable changes in GNPs color as a result of the optimal levels of various independent variables during the optimization process. Based on the variance of the four variable levels, the results revealed that the biosynthesized GNPs exhibited a range of values, beginning from 190.93 to 778.74 µg/mL.…”

“…To analyze, validate, and predict the GNPs biosynthesis using the cell-free supernatant of S. albogriseolus , an artificial intelligence approach was utilized. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) represent an advanced method within the field of artificial intelligence, facilitating the development of highly effective and dependable computational models, interpreting data, and analyzing it in a manner similar to that of the human mind 25 . Two main factors influence the construction or topology of artificial neural networks: the number of neurons or nodes in each hidden layer and the number of layers.…”

“…Microbial metabolites and phytochemicals can act as bio-reducers and/ or stabilizing/capping agents in the biosynthesis process 14 , 23 . Microbial biosynthesis is viewed as a great alternative method for the extracellular synthesis of GNPs 25 . Many types of proteins can participate in the reduction of chloroauric ions; have the ability to function as capping agents and stabilizing the surfaces of metal-NPs 26 .…”