Artificial light pollution at night (ALAN) disrupts the distribution and circadian rhythm of a sandy beach isopod

Duarte, Cristián; Quintanilla-Ahumada, Diego; Anguita, C.; Manríquez, Patricio H.; Widdicombe, Stephen; Pulgar, José; Silva‐Rodríguez, Eduardo A.; Miranda, Camila Oliveira; Manríquez, Karen; Quijón, Pedro A.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.037

Cited by 64 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These natural light sources, as well as daily light/night cycles, play a fundamental role on behavioral patterns of marine and terrestrial organisms and the timing of ecological processes (Gaston, Bennie, Davies, & Hopkins, ; Gaston, Davies, Nedelec, & Holt, ; Longcore & Rich, ; Luarte et al, ). Artificial Light Pollution at Night (hereafter ALAN) is the alteration of natural light levels as the result of anthropogenic light sources (Cinzano, Falchi, & Elvidge, ; Duarte et al, ; Falchi et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ALAN is affecting roughly 22% of global coastlines (Davies et al, ; Underwood, Davies, & Queirós, ) and 35% (20% across their entire area) of marine‐protected areas (Davies et al, ). This further suggests that marine habitats and intertidal zones are vulnerable to the potential impacts of the disruption of natural day–night cycles that influence the behaviors of several marine species, including those that live in coral reefs (Duarte et al, ; Underwood et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Red Sea corals under Artificial Light Pollution at Night (ALAN) undergo oxidative stress and photosynthetic impairment

Ayalon

Marangoni

Benichou

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Coral reefs represent the most diverse marine ecosystem on the planet, yet they are undergoing an unprecedented decline due to a combination of increasing global and local stressors. Despite the wealth of research investigating these stressors, Artificial Light Pollution at Night (ALAN) or “ecological light pollution” represents an emerging threat that has received little attention in the context of coral reefs, despite the potential of disrupting the chronobiology, physiology, behavior, and other biological processes of coral reef organisms. Scleractinian corals, the framework builders of coral reefs, depend on lunar illumination cues to synchronize their biological rhythms such as behavior, reproduction and physiology. While, light pollution (POL) may mask and lead de‐synchronization of these biological rhythms process. To reveal if ALAN impacts coral physiology, we have studied two coral species, Acropora eurystoma and Pocillopora damicornis, from the Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba, Red Sea, which is undergoing urban development that has led to severe POL at night. Our two experimental design data revealed that corals exposed to ALAN face an oxidative stress condition, show lower photosynthesis performances measured by electron transport rate (ETR), as well as changes in chlorophyll and algae density parameters. Testing different lights such as Blue LED and White LED spectrum showed more extreme impact in comparison to Yellow LEDs on coral physiology. The finding of this work sheds light on the emerging threat of POL and the impacts on the biology and ecology of Scleractinian corals, and will help to formulate specific management implementations to mitigate its potentially harmful impacts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Sea corals under Artificial Light Pollution at Night (ALAN) undergo oxidative stress and photosynthetic impairment

Ayalon

Marangoni

Benichou

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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“…Using a combination of radiative transfer modelling and mapping accounting for in situ measured optical seawater properties, we quantified the downwelling irradiance of artificial light at the sea surface [Ed(0)], scalar irradiance just below open 1 School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK. 2 School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB, UK. 3 Physics Department, University of Strathclyde, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NG, Scotland.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential for artificial light at night (ALAN) to reshape the ecology of marine habitats is increasingly recognised, and an emergent focus of research [1][2][3][4] . Artificial light can be detected above 22% of the world's coasts nightly 5 , and will dramatically increase as coastal human populations more than double by year 2060 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Biologically important artificial light at night on the seafloor

Davies

McKee

Fishwick

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Accelerating coastal development is increasing the exposure of marine ecosystems to nighttime light pollution, but is anthropogenic light reaching the seafloor in sufficient quantities to have ecological impacts? Using a combination of mapping, and radiative transfer modelling utilising in situ measurements of optical seawater properties, we quantified artificial light exposure at the sea surface, beneath the sea surface, and at the sea floor of an urbanised temperate estuary bordered by an LED lit city. Up to 76% of the three-dimensional seafloor area was exposed to biologically important light pollution. Exposure to green wavelengths was highest, while exposure to red wavelengths was nominal. We conclude that light pollution from coastal cities is likely having deleterious impacts on seafloor ecosystems which provide vital ecosystem services. A comprehensive understanding of these impacts is urgently needed.

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“…Knowledge on the effect of ALAN on coastal organisms and habitats is still fragmented, but published research has already highlighted a variety of impacts, including effects on settlement processes (both in invertebrates and bacteria; Davies et al, 2015;Maggi and Benedetti-Cecchi, 2018), changes in behavior (e.g., orientation of turtles, vertical migration of zooplankton and fish, anti-predator and locomotor activities, trophic pressure; e.g., Witherington and Bjorndal, 1991;Underwood et al, 2017;Ludvigsen et al, 2018;Duarte et al, 2019;Maggi et al, 2019) and composition of assemblages (Garratt et al, 2019;Maggi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Light at Night: A New Challenge in Microphytobenthos Research

Maggi

Serôdio

2020

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) has been recently recognized as a globally widespread anthropogenic disturbance, characterized by different intensities and spectra, as well as spatial and temporal variability. Among marine organisms, those living on coastal areas are particularly exposed to artificial light. Some recent studies anticipated a potential for influences of ALAN on microphytobenthos (MPB) on rocky shores, either direct or indirectly mediated by trophic relationships. Here we emphasize the need for further investigations in different habitats, as well as on synergistic interferences with other stressors already impinging on coastal areas. The study of effects of ALAN poses new challenges in MPB research, including those related to the use of instruments for measuring both the light environment and the functioning of microbial photoautotrophs at night, and to the development of common monitoring approaches and manipulative experiments.

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Artificial light pollution at night (ALAN) disrupts the distribution and circadian rhythm of a sandy beach isopod

Cited by 64 publications

References 45 publications

Red Sea corals under Artificial Light Pollution at Night (ALAN) undergo oxidative stress and photosynthetic impairment

Red Sea corals under Artificial Light Pollution at Night (ALAN) undergo oxidative stress and photosynthetic impairment

Biologically important artificial light at night on the seafloor

Artificial Light at Night: A New Challenge in Microphytobenthos Research

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